坡度对红壤土坡面降雨侵蚀及水文过程的影响  

Effect of Slope Gradients on Rainfall Erosion and Hydrological Process on Red Soil Land-slope

作　　者：侯旭蕾[1] 吕殿青[1] 王辉[2] 刘小梅[1] 刘春[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第6期118-121,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801083);湖南省"十二五"重点学科建设项目(地理学)

摘　　要：通过室内模拟降雨试验，研究了坡度对红壤土坡面降雨、产沙、产流、入渗等坡面水文过程的影响。结果表明，相同的降雨条件下，不同坡度红壤土坡面开始产流时间总体上随着坡度的增大逐渐推迟；不同坡度下的坡面产沙强度波动较大；产沙强度随坡度的增大先增大后减小，在15。～20。坡度附近出现临界坡度；不同坡度下地表入渗强度随产流时间呈指数下降，坡面产流强度呈对数上升趋势；随着坡度的不断增大，地表产流总量逐渐减小，相应地入渗总量逐渐增加。The simulated rainfall experiments were used to quantify the effects of slope gradients on runoff, soil erosion processes and hydrological process on red earth land-slope. The results showed that the runoff starting times lagged behind with slopes in the same rainfall condition and the red erosion rate was undula- ted; The intensity of red soil erosion increased with the increase of slope at first and then decreased, and there was a critical slope between 15° and 20°; Infiltration rate declined exponentially and runoff rate in- creased logarithmically with the time of rainfall under different land-slopes; Slope runoff decreased while infiltration capacity increased with the increase of slope gradient.

关 键 词：红壤土坡面 坡度 侵蚀过程 入渗强度 模拟降雨 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]