19世纪俄罗斯小说创作中的主体性问题  

Subjectivity in the 19th Century Russian Novels

作　　者：张杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2013年第6期80-86,共7页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"20世纪俄苏文学批评理论史研究"【项目批号:11BWW001】的阶段性成果

摘　　要：19世纪俄罗斯小说创作不仅是对那个时代客观社会生活的反映,更是作家创作主体性的自我实现。这种创作主体性既与作家自身的世界观、主体意识相关,又是作家对自我主体意识局限的不断克服和超越。作家们在积极揭示客观现实的同时,又不受客观现实的羁绊,使得创作的主体能量能够得到充分的释放,甚至有时达到一种无法把握自我的境地。因此,作家经常无法控制创作,反而被创作所制约,从而在一种意识与潜意识交织的状态中,敏锐地感触到人间的痛苦、超自我的爱和未来的理想因素,在对话碰撞、视点转换以及叙述的多层面交织中,构建起"活生生的"艺术世界,赋予小说文本以自由的主体性。The 19th century Russian novels are more of the self-realization of authors＇ subjectivity than just objective reflections of the social life of that era. Associated with the authors＇ own world views and subjective consciousness, this kind of creative subjectivity consistently overcomes and transcends the limitations of subjective consciousness. Actively revealing objective realities, the authors are not subject to their fetters, making the creative energy so fully released that they cannot control. Therefore, the authors often fail to control the creation, but are constrained by their own creation. Thus, in a kind of interwoven state of the consciousness and subconsciousness, the authors keenly feel human sufferings, self-transcendent love and future ideal factors. In the multifaceted narrative interactions of dialogue collisions and viewpoint conversions, the authors build a ＂living＂ art world, giving subjectivity to the texts of fictions.

关 键 词：19世纪俄罗斯文学 小说创作 主体性 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]