决定论与非决定论之语义分析  

Semantic Analysis of Determinism and Non-determinism

作　　者：严春友[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：决定论与非决定论,是理解当代哲学与传统哲学的相互关系、理解我们所面对的世界的两种重要的思潮。笔者认为,它们实际上只是观察世界的两个不同的视角,它们所赖以成立的根据———必然性与偶然性或不确定性,并非世界自身的性质,而仅仅是认识自身的性质。世界自身并无决定与非决定、必然与偶然之分,进行这种区分的是那个判断者,即决定与非决定、必然与偶然只是判断者的判断,是以判断者的存在为前提的。因此,决定与非决定、必然与偶然,也只是一种视角,而非事物自身的性质。从整体角度看是必然的,从局部看则是偶然的;不知道发生的原因时是偶然的,知道了发生的原因后则成为必然的。归根结底,决定论与非决定论不过是一种信仰。Determinism and non - determinism are two important trends to understand both the relationship between contemporary philosophy and traditional philosophy and the world we face. The author believes that they are actually the two different perspectives from which the world is observed. The necessity and contingency or uncertainty on which they are based are not the nature of the world itself , but merely the nature of recognizing their own selves. There is no such distinction in the world between determination and non -determination or between necessity and contingency , for it is made by the judge, that is, determination and non - determination, or necessity and contingency are the judgment of the judge, which takes the presence of the judge for the premise. Thus, determination and non - determination, or necessity and contingency, are just a perspective, not the nature of the thing itself. The necessity from the overall perspective may be contingency from the local perspective ;The contingency will become the necessity when the unknown cause gets known. All in all, determinism and non - determinism are nothing but a belief.

关 键 词：决定论 非决定论 必然性 偶然性 

分 类 号：B016[哲学宗教—哲学理论]