外周血循环核酸作为肿瘤标志物在胃癌中的应用现状  

Application status of circulating nucleic acids as biomarkers in gastric cancer

作　　者：李琳[1] 张连海[1] 季加孚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院暨北京市肿瘤防治研究所胃肠肿瘤外科恶性肿瘤发生机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室,100142

出　　处：《中华胃肠外科杂志》2014年第1期21-25,共5页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

摘　　要：肿瘤患者外周血含有一定量的循环核酸．这些游离核酸携带了肿瘤特异的遗传信息．是非侵人胜肿瘤标志物的重要来源。可作为标志物的循环核酸主要是DNA和microRNA．常见的遗传和表观遗传改变包括DNA突变、拷贝数变异、DNA异常甲基化以及microRNA失调。这些改变能反映肿瘤组织的分子特征，为肿瘤的无创、实时和动态检测提供新的线索。本文总结了循环核酸中上述改变在胃癌早期诊断、疗效评估、复发监测及预后判断中的研究现状．同时分析了它们作为肿瘤标志物的优势、检测技术和应用前景。Considerable concentrations of circulating nucleic acids have been reported in peripheral blood from cancer patients. These circulating nucleic acids bear a variety of tumor-specific information and potentially represent a stable source of non-invasive tumor biomarkers. The assessable genetic and epigenetic changes of circulating nucleic acids include DNA mutations, copy number alterations, abnormal methylation and disruption of microRNA. Such alterations reflecting molecular characteristics of tumor tissues, provide a new cluefor noninvasive, real-time and monitoring test. In the present article, the main findings of research status related to the utility of circulating nucleic acids for early diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of gastric cancer are reviewed. In addition, the advantage, the examination technique and the application prospection of circulating nucleic acids as tumor markers are also reviewed.

关 键 词：胃肿瘤 循环核酸 肿瘤标志物 诊断 预后 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]