首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆功能的对照研究  

Spatial working memory in patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.

作　　者：王建[1] 邓伟[1] 王强[1] 马小红[1] 李名立[1] 韩媛媛[1] 刘祥[1,2] 李涛[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,四川大学华西医院精神医学研究室,四川大学生物治疗国家重点实验室,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院 [3]四川大学心理健康教育中心

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2013年第11期651-657,共7页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81130024,81171275);科技部十二五支撑计划(编号:2011BAZ02530);教育部博士点基金(编号:201101811100 14,20110181120033)

摘　　要：目的明确首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆损害的差异性,并了解损害是否与阴性症状相关。方法纳入116例首发精神分裂症患者及60名正常对照。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)对患者阳性症状和阴性症状进行评定,并采用缺陷型精神分裂症诊断量表中文版(schedule for the deficit syndrome,SDS)将患者分为缺陷型(28例)和非缺陷型(88例)。使用剑桥神经认知自动化成套测试软件(Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,CANTAB)中的空间工作记忆(spatial working memory,SWM)测试工具对患者和对照组进行测试。结果校正年龄、性别、受教育年限等因素后,缺陷型患者组在4方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、6方块任务组间错误(P=0.01)、8方块任务组间错误(P=0.03)、总错误(P=0.01)、策略(P<0.01)等SWM指标中成绩均差于非缺陷型患者组,并且两组均差于对照组(均P<0.01)。缺陷型患者组与非缺陷型患者组的SWM损害与阴性症状无统计学相关性(P>0.05)。结论疾病早期,缺陷型精神分裂症患者的空间工作记忆损害就重于非缺陷型,提示二者可能是不同的亚型。Objective To investigate the difference of spatial working memory among first-episode patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia. Methods The study recruited 116 first-episode treatment-naive patients with schizophrenia, and 60 normal controls. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） was used to assess symptoms of patients and Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome （SDS） was used to divide schizophrenia patients into deficit group （28 patients） and nondeficit group （88 patients）. Spatial Working Memory （SWM） test from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery （CANTAB） was used to test the spatial working memory function. Results Adjusted for age, gender and years of education, there were significant differences in the performance of between errors of 4 boxes （P=0.03）, between errors of 6 boxes （P=0.01）, between errors of 8 boxes （P=0.03）, total errors （P=0.01） and strategy （P〈0.01） between deficit and nondeficit patients, and both groups were poorer than the control group. The SWM of deficit and nondeficit patients has no correlation with the negative symptoms （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The impairment of SWM was more severe in deficit schizophrenia patients than in nondeficit patients at early stage of the disease, suggesting they are different subtypes of schizophrenia.

关 键 词：缺陷型精神分裂症 空间工作记忆 剑桥神经认知自动化成套测试软件 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]