青海省8～12岁儿童饮茶型氟中毒现况调查  

A cross-sectional investigation of drinking brick-tea fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 in Qinghai Province

作　　者：陈萍[1] 何多龙[1] 魏生英[1] 蒲光兰[1] 喇翠玲[1] 姜鸿[1] 李生梅[1] 鲁青[1] 赵元博[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病预防控制科,西宁811602

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第1期53-55,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2010）

摘　　要：目的了解青海省儿童饮茶型氟中毒流行病学特征。方法依据青海省2006年饮茶型氟中毒病区基础资料调查结果，于2010年采用现场流行病学调查方法，在青海省的28个县中，每个县抽取3个乡、1个镇，每个乡（镇）抽取1所小学，每所小学抽取全部8—12岁儿童进行调查，同时采集当地居民生活饮用水、砖茶水检测氟含量。水、尿、茶中氟含量采用氟离子选择电极法（WS／T89—1996）测定，儿童氟斑牙检查采用Dean法。结果在青海省28个县，水氟含量平均为0．26mg／L，水氟范围为0—1.00mg／L；茶氟含量平均为1．96mg／L，茶氟范围为0．14一12．59mg／L。儿童尿氟中位数平均为1．14mg／L，尿氟范围为0．03～9．84mg／L；儿童日均饮砖茶水量为（587．09土237．02）ml，饮砖茶水量范围为O～7000ml；儿童日均饮砖茶摄氟量为1．15mg，饮砖茶摄氟量范围为0～13．65mg；儿童氟斑牙检出率为24．38％（3012／12355），氟斑牙指数为0．44。结论饮茶型氟中毒在青海省8一12岁儿童中已呈现明显的流行态势，且分布范围广。虽病情程度较轻，但饮茶量随年龄增长呈递增趋势，应加强监测。Objective To explore the epidemiological situation of drinking brick-tea fluorosis in Qinhai Province. Methods According to the survey results of drinking brick-tea fluorosis in Qinghai Province in 2006, an investigation was carried out in children aged 8 - 12 in 28 counties of Qinghai Province by the method of field epidemiology in 2010. In the 28 counties, three townships and one .town were selected in each county; a primary school was selected in each township （town）. Fluoride content of water, brick-tea and urine was determined by using a fluoride ion-selective electrode; dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Deans method. Results In 28 counties of Qinghai Province, the mean of water fluoride concentration was 0.26 mg/L and the rang was 0 - 1.00 rag/L; the mean of brick-tea fluoride concentration was 1.96 mg/L and the rang was 0.14 - 12.59 mg/L. Chidren＇s geometric mean of urinary fluorine concentration was 1.14 mg/L and the rang was 0.03 - 9.84 mg/L; the average amount of brick-tea water drank daily by each child was （587.09 ± 237.02）ml and the rang was 0 - 7 000 ml; children＇s daily fluoride intake from brick-tea was 1.15 mg and the rang was 0 - 13.65 mg. Chidren＇s detection rate of dental fluorosis was 24.38%（3 012/12 355）, and the index of dental fluorosis was 0.44. Conclusions Drinking brick-tea fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 in Qinghai Province has a epidemic trend. Although the state of the disease is not serious, it is widely distributed. The intake from brick-tea water has showed an increasing trend with increasing age, we should strengthen monitoring.

关 键 词：儿童 砖茶 氟化物中毒 分析 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]