吉林省西部牧区养殖羊农户家庭成员布鲁杆菌病感染及接触方式现状调查  

An survey of brucellosis infection and exposure status of sheep farmers＇ family members in the western pastoral areas of Jilin Province

作　　者：刘凡瑜[1] 关超玲 李晔[1] 袁志忱 王迪[1] 甄清[1] 姚燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,长春130021

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第1期80-83,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金（81102163）

摘　　要：目的了解吉林省西部牧区养殖羊农户家庭成员布鲁杆菌病（布病）感染及接触方式现状，为控制人间布病在养殖羊农户家庭成员中的蔓延提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法，于2012年11月在吉林省西部牧区布病高发地区中选择前郭县，在该县中抽取2个乡镇（查干花镇和乌兰塔拉乡），每个乡镇各抽取一半的村，对村中全部养殖羊农户家庭成员进行问卷调查和临床诊断。问卷内容包括人口学资料（性别、年龄、文化程度等）、布病高危接触方式及布病感染情况。根据知情同意的原则，采集被调查者静脉血，采用试管凝集试验（SAT）进行布病血清学诊断。分析调查对象性别、年龄、文化程度等人口学资料、布病高危行为、防护行为对布病感染率的影响。结果共收集403份养殖羊农户家庭成员合格问卷，84人感染布病，感染率为20．84％（84／403），男性感染率[24．78％（57／230）]高于女性[15．61％（27／173），x2=5．038，P〈0．05]。帮忙喂食、打扫羊圈卫生、抱羊羔、接生、给羊接种疫苗、处理掉羔或流产物、挤奶、屠宰共8种接触方式的接触率分别为86．85％（350／403）、80．40％（324／403）、71．71％（289／403）、61．54％（248／403）、53．85％（217／403）、47．39％（191／403）、22．08％（89／403）、14．89％（60／403）。感染率最高的接触方式为给羊接种疫苗[24.40％（53／217）]，最低的接触方式是挤奶[16．90％（15／89）]。基本防护率最高的是接生[31．85％（79／248）]，其次为处理掉羔和流产物[27．23％（52／191）]，基本防护率最低的是屠宰[8．33％（5／60）]。尚未发现布病感染与8种接触方式、基本防护行为存在统计学关联。结论养殖羊农户家庭成员布病感染率较高，布病感染相关接触方式普遍存在，基本防护率较低。应有针对性地开展对�Objective To find out the current situation of brucellosis infection and exposure status of family members of sheep farmers in the western pastoral areas of Jilin Province, and to provide a reference for control of human brucellosis spreading among family members. Methods On November 2012, Qianguo County was randomly selected using a multi-stage sampling method, and two townships, Chaganhua and Wulantala, were randomly selected in the county; half of the villages were selected from each township; all family members of the sheep farmers in these villages were investigated about their demographic characteristics （sex, age, education）, high-risk behavior and information about brucellosis infection by using a questionnaire survey. Based on the principle of informed consent, respondents venous blood samples were collected.Brucellosis was confirmed with serum agglutination test（SAT）. The effects of gender, age, education and other demographic data, high-risk behavior and high-risk behavior protection on the prevalence of brucellosis were studied. Results Out of the 403 copies of qualified questionnaires collected, 84 people were found infected with brucellosis, and the infection rate was 20.84% （84/403）. Men infection [24.78% （57/230） ] Was higher than that of women [ 15.61% （27/173）, X2 = 5.038, P 〈 0.05]. The rates of eight kinds of high-risk behaviors were： helping feeding 86.85% （350/403）, cleaning sheepfold 80.40% （324/403）, holding lamp 71.71% （289/403）, delivering sheep 61＇.54% （248/403）, vaccinating sheep 53.85% （217/403）, apoblema 47.39% （191/403）, milking 22.08% （89/403） and slaughtering sheep 14.89% （60/403）. The highest risk behavior was vaccinating sheep [24.40% （53/217） ], and the lowest was milking [ 16.90% （t5/89）]. The highest rate of basic protection was delivering a sheep [31.85% （79/248）],the next was apoblema[27.23%（52/191）], and the lowest was slaughtering sheep [8.33% （5/60）]. There was no statistical significant differ

关 键 词：布鲁杆菌病 养殖羊农户 家庭成员 接触方式 流行病学 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]