美国沿岸权许可制度研究  

On Riparian Rights Permit of USA

作　　者：王小军[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学法政学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第12期169-174,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目:我国工业节水战略研究(12AJY003);浙江省中青年学科带头人攀登项目:海岛保护与合理利用制度研究(pd2013108);教育部人文社科规划项目:气候变化背景下的碳捕捉与储存利用的环境风险及其法律对策研究(12YJAZH145);宁波市哲学社会科学规划项目:海岛开发与保护法律政策研究-以浙江为例(G12-XK12)

摘　　要：沿岸权许可制度是美国东部各州采用行政许可手段对传统的沿岸权制度进行改造而形成的。通过用水许可程序,沿岸权的适用对象、用水优先位序、水权的有效期限等问题得以合理界定,沿岸权的理论核心——"合理用水"的考察与评价更加科学,从而提高了沿岸权的确定性和灵活性,使沿岸权具有了一定的排他性。沿岸权许可制度加强了国家(州)公权力在水资源利用领域的影响力,在适应水资源短缺的制度建设方面对我国具有重要的启示意义。Riparian rights permission is a kind of riparian rights system which is adapted to the water shortage by the eastem states of USA through the administrative permit process. During the administrative permit process, the water body, the priority and the expiry date of the riparian right are confirmed, the reasonable use doctrine which plays a key important role in the enforcement of riparian right is accessed by a more complicated and scientific legal process. The riparian rights permission provides a mechanism to enhance the certainty, adaptability and exclusiveness of water rights. Through the administrative permit process, the police power can play a more important role in area of water resource allocation.

关 键 词：沿岸权 水权 许可 美国 

分 类 号：X197[环境科学与工程—环境科学]