重金属污染对农田土壤无脊椎动物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Heavy Metal Pollution on Soil Faunal Community Structure

作　　者：孙艳芳[1] 王国利[1] 刘长仲[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学),甘肃省草业工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《土壤通报》2014年第1期210-215,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30960082)资助

摘　　要：研究了土壤无脊椎动物对土壤重金属污染程度的响应。群落多样性指数随土壤重金属污染程度的加重而降低,井灌田、荒草田、黄灌田的群落多样性最高,而长期污灌田的群落多样性最低。重金属污染田土壤无脊椎动物的优势类群是蜱螨目和弹尾目,两类无脊椎动物具有较强的耐污染能力。在同一季节土壤无脊椎动物的种群数量主要受土壤污染程度的影响,污染程度越高其种群数量越低。不同季节间土壤无脊椎动物的数量存在极显著差异,不同污染程度的农田总群落、弹尾目和蜱螨目的个体数量均以7月为最多,10月次之,4月最少。Relation between soil heavy metal pollution and soil invertebrate was studied in this study. The results showed that community diversity index decreased with the increasing of contamination of heavy metal. However, the community diversities of well irrigation field, grass field and yellow irrigation field were the highest, while long-term wastewater irrigation field was opposite. With a strong resistance to pollution, Acarina and CoUembola were the dominant species in the field of heavy metal pollution. In the same season, the populations of soil invertebrates were mainly affected by the extent of soil pollution. Meanwhile, the higher the degree of pollution was, the lower the populations would be. Furthermore, in different seasons there were very significant differences between the numbers of soil invertebrates. The number of the total community, A carina and Collembola showed a maximum in July, followed in October and a minimum in April.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属污染 无脊椎动物 群落结构 

分 类 号：X154.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]