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作 者:郝晓娟[1] 高莹[1] 李新凤[1] 王建明[1] 李生才[1] 王美琴[1] 李俊林
机构地区:[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省植保植检总站,山西太原030001
出 处:《果树学报》2014年第1期101-104,I0002,共5页Journal of Fruit Science
基 金:国家自然科学基金青年基金(31000873);中国博士后基金(个人编号:92459);山西农业大学中青年学术骨干基金(XG201210);山西省科技攻关项目(20120311016-2)
摘 要:【目的J明确欧李褐腐病菌的生物学特性和寄主范围。【方法]通过测定欧李褐腐病菌菌丝和孢子在不同条件下的生长和萌发情况,对病菌的生物学特性进行了研究;采用刺伤接种法对病菌寄主范围进行了研究。【结果l欧李褐腐病菌菌丝7~27℃内均可生长,最适生长温度为22℃;最适pH范围7.O~9.0;在12h光暗交替条件下生长最快;最适碳源为葡萄糖、蔗糖和半乳糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨。孢子萌发最适温度为17—27oC;最适pH为6.0—8.0:光照对孢子萌发没有显著影响。该病原菌能侵染梨、苹果、油桃、樱桃、杏、柑橘、葡萄,不能侵染金桔和圣女果。病菌对樱桃和油桃的致病力最强,对柑橘的致病力最弱。【结论】生物学特性和寄主范围研究结果为综合防治该病害提供了科学依据。[Objective]Biological characteristics and host range of pathogen causing Chinese dwarf cherry brown rot (Moniliniafructicola) were determined in the study. [Method]Biological characteristics were tested by measuring mycelial growth and spore germination under different conditions. Host range were determined by stab inoculation method. [Result]The temperature for myeelial growth ranged from 7 to 27 ℃, the optimum temperature was 22 ℃ and the optimum pH was 7.0 to 9.0. The speed of growth was faster under alternation of light and darkness every 12 hours. M. fructicola could make use of many carbo- hydrates and nitrogen sources, the optimum carbon sources were galactose, glucose and sucrose, and the optimum nitrogen source was peptone. The optimum temperature for conidial germination was 17 to 27 ~(2 and optimum pH was 6.0 to 8.0. Illumination had no significant effect on conidial germination. The pathogen could infect pear, apple, nectarine, cherry, apricot, citrus and grape except kumquat and cherry tomato. The pathogen had the strongest virulence to cherry and nectarine and the weakest virulence to citrus. [Conclusion]The results could enhance the understanding of the disease and offer basis for the integrated control strategy.
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