云南省火龙果采后果腐病研究(英文)  

A new fruit rot disease in Hylocereus costaricensis in Yunnan Province of China

作　　者：郭力维[1] 吴毅歆[2] 何汉兴[3] 毛自朝[2] 何鹏博 何月秋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [3]纽约州立大学生物系,美国12561

出　　处：《果树学报》2014年第1期111-114,F0003,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家国际科技合作项目2009DFA32360

摘　　要：【目的】探明火龙果（Hylocereuscostaricensis）果腐病中的一种新的病原菌。【方法】以云南省元江水果市场上发现的一种新病害为供试材料，应用分离培养、柯赫氏法则、形态学观察、寄主范围研究和ITS序列测定，对病原菌进行鉴定。[结果】该病由霜霉目白秀科桃吉尔霉（Gilbertellapersicaria）引起，病原菌侵入火龙果2—3d后最初呈现淡褐色、水渍状小病斑；随即接种点病斑不断扩大，6d后至使整个果实腐烂，病果表面长出大量浅白色菌丝体和淡褐色孢子囊。该病原菌致病力受宿主种类和品种影响，接种3d后的红肉火龙果发病程度较白肉火龙果重，且能引起带伤口桃、梨果实腐烂。桃吉尔霉在30℃、黑暗条件下生长最好。【结论】本文首次报道我国火龙果采后果腐病由桃吉尔霉引起，以30℃、黑暗为最适生长条件，宿主范围广，致病力强。[Objective] The objective of the study is to identify a new fruit rot disease in dragon fruit （Hy- locereus costaeicensis） during storage. [Method] Dragon fruit infected by a new disease was used as ma- terial and the pathogen was identified by cultural and morphological studies, pathogenicity tests and ITS sequence analysis. [Result]The results showed the fruit rot disease was caused by Gilbertellapersicaria. Dragon fruit showed light brown water-soaked spots 2 to 3 d after inoculation of the pathogen. The lesion expanded to the whole fruit, which was covered with abundant sporangia and mycelia within 6 days. Inoc- ulation studies showed that pathogenicity was depended on host species, and lesions were produced only on peach, pear and wounded tomato 3 days after inoculation. Rotting was more serious on fruits of H. costaricensis with red skin and red-purple flesh than those of H. undatus with red skin and white flesh. Fungal growth was optimal in 30 ~C and dark condition. [Conclusion]This is the first report of G. persicaria causing fruit rot of dragon fruit in China. The pathogen can infect a wide range of fruit hosts especially in 30~C and dark conditions. To minimize the disease, dragon fruit should be stored at low temperature and in uncovered containers.

关 键 词：火龙果 桃吉尔霉 采后病害 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]