新疆莎车‘纸皮’扁桃叶片营养诊断体系的建立与应用  

Establishment and application of nutrient diagnosis system of 'Zhipi' almond leaf mineral elements in Shache County,Xinjiang

作　　者：徐叶挺[1] 张雯[1] 杨波[1] 杨磊[1] 龚鹏[1] 张平[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院储藏加工研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《果树学报》2014年第1期143-149,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划(201111121);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003043);自治区科技重大专项(201130102-2)

摘　　要：【目的】通过对新疆莎车县19个乡镇90个纸皮扁桃叶样的采集与分析，旨在了解莎车纸皮扁桃树体营养盈亏状况，以期为莎车纸皮扁桃的优质丰产提供施肥需求的科学依据。【方法】分析测定莎车纸皮扁桃叶样常量元素N、P、K、Ca、Mg和微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B浓度，并运用适宜值偏差百分数法（DOP）分析莎车纸皮扁桃树体营养盈亏状况。【结果】扁桃叶片中矿质元素标准值的正常值范围：氮3．21～3．54％、磷1．33—1．48mg·g。、钾18．93～22．95mg·g^-1、钙24．53-29．69mg·g^-1、铁212．82-272．09μg·g^-1,铜7．11-8．42μg·g^-1、锌20．61-25．98μg·g^-1、锰27．93-39．68μg·g^-1和硼150．25～198．12μg·g^-1叶片矿质元素适宜EDOP值为93．27。【结论】新疆莎车县纸皮扁桃树体营养供应不均衡，应科学、合理补充常量与微量元素是扁桃优质丰产的必要条件。[Objective]Ninety almond leaf specimen in the nineteen townships, Shache County were collected to analyze the nutrient element condition in order to provide scientific basis for the fertilizer application. [Method]Almond leaf specimen microelements N, P, K, Ca, Mg and microelements Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B were employed for chemical analysis, and deviation from optimum percentage （DOP） method was used to analyze the abundance or deficiency of the nutrient elements of almond trees. [Result] The values of normal distributed characters could be divided into 5 grades by 4 dividing points （standardized probability grading-SPG method）, presented the absence, low value, normal value, high value, excess of standard range of nutritional elements, and the occurrence probability of 1 to 5 grades is 10%, 20%, 40%, 20% and 10% respectively. The third grade, which valued from （X-0.5246S） to （X＋ 0.5246S）, eould be the normal value of standard range, rather same to the average value of leaf nutritional elements in high yield orchards. Suitable ranges of different minerals, therefore, were determined as N： 3.21 to 3.54%; P： 1.33 to 1.48 mg·g^-1; K： 18.93 to 22.95 mg·g^-1; Ca： 24.53 to 29.69 mg·g^-1; Fe： 212.82 to 272.09 Ixg.g-1; Cu： 7.11 to 8.42 μg·g^-1; Zn： 20.61-25.98 Ixg-g-1; Mn： 27.93-39.68 μg·g^-1; B： 150.25 to 198.12 μg·g^-1. Optimum nutritional status EDOP were 93.27. [Conclusion]Nutrition disequilibrium of supply in Shaehe almond tree , should be scientifically and reasonabl supplemented , which is the necessary eondition for high yield arid excellent quantity.

关 键 词：扁桃 矿质元素 适宜值偏差百分数法 莎车县 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]