多尺度数字地貌等级分类方法  

Methodologyonhierarchical classification ofmulti-scaledigitalgeomorphology

作　　者：程维明[1] 周成虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2014年第1期23-33,共11页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171332);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH28B01-03);科技基础性工作专项(2011FY110400-2);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所"一三五"战略科技计划项目(2012ZD009);资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室自主研究项目

摘　　要：参考已出版的全国各级各类比例尺的地貌类型图的分类方案及图例表达,探讨了中国1∶100万数字地貌的等级分类方法,采用基于形态、成因、物质和年龄等地貌要素,综合反映地貌特征的等级分类指标和分类体系,初步构建了中国多个国家基本比例尺(即1∶400万、1∶100万、1∶50万、1∶25万、1∶5万)数字地貌等级分类方法,发展了由连续分布的多边形图斑反映形态成因类型,以及由离散的点、线和面图斑共同反映形态结构类型的数字地貌类型数据组织方式,构建了多尺度数字地貌类型的编码方法。该研究可为发展多尺度地貌类型图的编制提供方法基础,也可为当前正在进行的地理国情监测工程的大比例尺地貌类型信息普查提供分类规范和技术支持。In this paper, based on classification method and legend layout of published geomorphological maps of the nation at different levels and different scales and the hierarchical classification method for the digital geo- morphology of China with a scale of 1：1000000, we proposed a hierarchical land classification system with the indicators in five major categories. The indicators include basic landform form, morphological characteristics of geomorphological types （including morphological assembly, micro-landform morphological entities, slope form characteristics of landform surface）, basic genesis and main genetic action ways, materials and lithology, forma- tion age or period of geomorphological types, which all combined are a comprehensive presentation of geomor- phological characteristics. These indicators can be divided into three categories and nine levels： landform super- class （sub-superclass）, landform class （sub-class） and landform type （sub-type）, at the nine levels, such as macro morphology, terrain characteristics, main genetic condition, main genetic action ways, morphological assembly, micro-landform morphological entity, slope characteristics, material and lithology and landform formation age. The geomorphological characteristics can be expressed by means of not only continuous polygons addressing morpho-genetic types, but also discrete points, lines and polygons addressing morpho-structural types. The mor- pho-genetic and morpho-structural geomorphological types can be exchanged for each other based on mapping scales. Based on geomorphological characteristics, the indicators of former four grades can be mapped for 1： 4000000 geomorphological maps, and former five grades for 1：1000000 geomorphological maps, and former seven grades for 1：500000 geomorphological maps. As to 1：250000 and 1：50000 geomorphological maps, parts of morpho-structural geomorphological types can be converted to morpho-genetic geomorphological types, slope form characteristics, terrain slope position

关 键 词：多尺度 等级分类体系 数字地貌 地貌图 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]