塔里木盆地不同地域大气降尘及TSP变化特征分析  

Variation Characteristics of the TSP Mass Concentration and Dust-Fall Amounts in Different Areas of Tarim Basin

作　　者：王慧琴[1,2] 何清[1,3] 张军 陈峰[1] 刘新春[1,3] 钟玉婷[1,3] 杨兴华[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]兰州大学资源环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站,新疆塔中841000 [4]乌鲁木齐县气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2013年第6期50-57,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006012);中国自然科学基金项目(41175017;41175140);中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2009014);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM201003)共同资助

摘　　要：为了解塔里木盆地不同地域大气降尘及TSP的污染特征和季节变化规律,在塔里木盆地布设了铁干里克、塔中、民丰、喀什4个采样站点,于2007—2010年期间利用集尘缸和大流量采样器分别对上述4个地区的大气降尘及TSP进行连续采样。通过对样品和数据的分析处理,揭示了塔里木盆地不同地域大气降尘及TSP基本特征及影响因素:(1)2007—2010年塔中大气降尘量和TSP浓度均为4个站点中最高,其次为民丰和喀什,铁干里克最少。区域气候差异是造成塔里木盆地降尘和TSP浓度空间分布差异的主要原因。(2)5—8月是塔中地区沙尘天气高发时节,7月沙尘暴天气处于峰值。3—8月是民丰、喀什和铁干里克大气降尘主要分布月份。春夏季节的塔里木盆地降尘污染明显高于秋冬季节。(3)每年3—9月都是4个站点TSP主要分布阶段,最高值出现月份略有差异。塔里木盆地周边TSP浓度季节变化大体一致,春夏季大于秋冬季,不同的地区季节分布略有差异。(4)春夏季沙尘天气是造成大气降尘和TSP质量浓度较高的主要因素。To understand variation characteristics of the TSP mass concentration and dust-fall amounts in different areas of Tarim Basin, the data of the TSP mass concentration and dust-fall amounts collected by the dust cylinder and large-volume sampler from Tazhong, Tikanlik, Minfeng and Kashighar stations during 2007-2010 were analyzed. The results show that：（1）The dust-fall and TSP amounts of Tazhong ranked the first, followed by Minfeng and Kashighar, Tikanlik was relatively low. Regional differences in climate have been responsible for the differences in spatial distribution of dust-fall and TSP concentration in the Tarim Basin.（2）May-August is high dust-fall pollution season in Tazhong, and March-August is high dust-fall pollution season in other three stations. Spring and summer are the main seasons in which high TSP concentration distributed. Dust weather is the main influence in dust-fall and TSP concentration of the Tarim Basin during spring and summer. Dust-fall pollution in spring and summer is significantly higher than that of autumn and winter.（3）High TSP concentration was appeared from March to September at the four sites, and the highest value months are slightly different from each other. TSP pollution in spring and summer is also significantly higher than that of autumn and winter.（4）Spring and summer dust weather was major reason for high TSP mass concentration and dust-fall amounts in different areas of Tarim Basin.

关 键 词：大气降尘 TSP 变化特征 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：X169[环境科学与工程—环境科学]