甘肃省5县(市)出生缺陷干预实施前后先天缺陷发病率对比分析  

A Comparative Analysis of Congenital Defects after the Intervention Project on Birth Defects

作　　者：吴双[1] 姜德民[2] 裴凌云[1] 杜蔚云[2] 郑鑫[1] 马瑞兰[2] 李芝兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省人口和计划生育委员会,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2014年第1期54-56,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：甘肃省人口和计划生育委员会<甘肃省出生缺陷干预工程效果评价>项目专项经费资助

摘　　要：目的探讨先天缺陷重点干预对策。方法比较分析敦煌市、泾川县、徽县、渭源县和永靖县基线及终末调查结果,孕28周以上出生的新生儿(包括活产、死胎和死产)先天缺陷发生率及构成的变化。结果甘肃省5县(市)围产儿先天缺陷发生率,终末调查时为8.35‰,较基线调查时的14.02‰,下降了40.44%。基线与终末调查时先天缺陷发生顺位及构成不同,终末调查先天缺陷发生率排在前三位的分别是先天性心脏病、神经管畸形及色素痣;病死率居前四位的分别为唐氏综合征、神经管畸形、直肠或肛门闭锁及先天性心脏病,其中唐氏综合征病死率达100.00%。结论各类先天缺陷中,先天性心脏病高发,死亡率明显上升。先天性心脏病已经成为影响我省5县(市)新生儿健康的主要问题。建议进一步加强优生优育教育,推广引用新技术,做好产前筛查及产前诊断,减少先天缺陷儿的出生。bstract OBJECTIVE To explore the key interventions of congenital defects in 5 counties （cities） of Gansu. METHODS Compare the birth defects incidence and constituent ratio of infant （including live birth, fetal death and stillbirth）between baseline survey and terminal survey in Dunhuang, Jingchuan, Huixian, Weiyuan and Yongjing. RESULTS In 5 counties（cities） of Gansu province, the congenital defects incidence of perinatal infants is 8.35‰ in the terminal survey, while baseline survey is 14.02‰, the changes decreased by 40.44%. The congenital defects＇ sequences of occurrences and composition ratio in baseline are different from the terminal survey. In the final stage investigation： congenital heart disease, neural tube defect and pigmented nevus rank the top 3 places in congenital defects incidence, down＇s syndrome, neural tube defect, anus and rectum close and congenital heart disease rank the first four places in case fatality rate, among them down＇s syndrome is up to 100.00%. CONCLUSION In all congenital defects, congenital heart disease is in high incidence, while mortality rises obviously. Congenital heart disease has became the main problems, which affect newborns health in Gansu. In order to reduce congenital defects, it is suggested to strengthen the education of prepotency, extend new technology, and do well the antenatal examination and antenatal diagnosis.

关 键 词：关键词 围产儿先天缺陷 发生率 死亡率 病死率 甘肃 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]