不同栽培区域和年份的红皮砂梨果皮着色特性  

Characteristics of Fruit Coloration in Red-skin Sand Pear (Pyrus pyrofolia) under Different Cultivated Regions and Years

作　　者：肖长城[1] 李甲明[1] 王德孚[1] 胡红菊[2] 李秀根[3] 刘军[4] 吴俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学梨工程技术研究中心,南京210095 [2]湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所,武汉430209 [3]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [4]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第12期2432-2440,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30900974;31372045);国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-29)

摘　　要：该研究以红皮砂梨品种‘八月红’和‘红香酥’为试材,比较了不同栽培地区和年份的红皮砂梨着色规律、花色素苷组分及含量,以及相关代谢酶的变化。结果显示:(1)‘八月红’和‘红香酥’果皮花色素苷含量变化规律由其品种特性决定,同一品种的果皮花色素苷绝对含量受不同栽培区域和年份的影响,其组成和含量变化趋势不受影响;但不同品种的花色素苷含量变化以及着色规律有所不同。(2)红色砂梨果皮着色主要与矢车菊-3-半乳糖苷含量变化一致,且随着梨果实的发育和着色加深,果实中UDP-葡萄糖:类黄酮-3-O葡萄糖苷转移酶(UFGT)、二氢黄酮醇-4-还原酶(DFR)活性呈上升趋势,而苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性随着果实发育而下降。(3)相关性分析表明,两品种梨果实花色苷含量与其UFGT、DFR活性呈显著或极显著正相关关系,而与PAL活性相关性不一致。研究表明,梨果皮中的UFGT、DFR是影响红皮砂梨着色的重要酶。The ‘Bayuehong’ and ‘ Hongxiangsu’ were taken as materials to study the changes of coloration, composition and content of anthocyanin, and related enzymes in sand pear （Pyrus pyrifolia） fruit skin under different cultivated regions and years. The result showed that： （1）The change rules of anthocyanin in ‘Bayuehong’ and‘Hongxiangsu＇ skin decided by the characteristics of cultivar,different cultivated region and years affected the absolute content of anthocyanin in the same cultivar, they couldst affect change trends of the composition and content of anthocyanin. However,the different change patterns and anthocyanin content observed in different cultivars. （2）The variation of skin color in red pear was consistent with the changes of cornflower-3-galactosidae content. The activities of UFGT（UDP-glucose.flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase） and DFR（dihydroflavonol-4-reductase） increased with the fruit development and color deepenning, while the acitivity of PAL（phenylalanin ammonia lyase） decreased with the fruit development.（3）The content PAL in feet the correlation analysis revealed that a significant or very significant positive correlation between the of anthocyanin and the activities of UFGT and DFR, wherease showed different correlation with different cultivars. The results indicated that UFGT and DFR are the important enzymes,which afcoloration of red-skin sand pear.

关 键 词：红皮梨 着色 花色素苷 栽培区域 栽培年份 

分 类 号：Q945.65[生物学—植物学]