石羊河调水10a来民勤绿洲生态脆弱性变化  

Change of Ecological Vulnerability in the Minqin Oasis since Diversion of the Shiyang River Basin in 10 Years

作　　者：蒋友严[1,2] 韩涛[2] 王有恒[2] 黄进[3] 刘伟刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]西北区域气候中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省气象局减灾处,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2014年第1期157-162,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：甘肃省气象局科研项目(2008-08);甘肃省自然科学基金(3ZS051-A25-010);科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2011GB24160005)资助

摘　　要：为解决民勤绿洲的水资源问题,恢复民勤生态与环境,2000年9月,甘肃省开始建设景电二期向民勤调水工程,提灌黄河水输入民勤红崖山水库,向民勤调水。基于RS和GIS技术,借鉴和利用国内有关理论和研究方法,根据民勤绿洲的实际,建立环境评价模型。利用TM遥感卫星资料,对民勤调水前2000年和调水后2010年绿洲生态脆弱性变化进行评价,结果显示:极度脆弱区域为荒漠区,高度脆弱区域大部分分布在荒漠和绿洲的交界地带,中度和轻度脆弱区域为绿洲区;综合评价指数增加的区域为绿洲的南部地区和下游北部地区,综合评价指数减少的区域主要集中在绿洲的中部地区。2000年7月民勤绿洲面积占整个民勤区域面积的8.93%,2010年7月增大到11.98%,反映了石羊河调水10 a来,民勤绿洲恢复效果明显。The Jingdian Hydropower Project in Gansu Province, built in September 2009, lifts water from the Yellow River to the Hongyashan Reservoir every year so as to relieve the shortage of water resources in the Minqin Oasis in Gansu Province. In this study, the RS and GIS means were used to develop a model for evaluating the eco- logical environment by referring to both the domestic and foreign studies, and the TM images were used to assess the ecological vulnerability in the Minqin Oasis before the diversion in 2000 and after it since 2010. The results re- vealed that the ecological environment was extremely vulnerable in the deserts, vulnerable in the desert-oasis eco- tone, and moderately and slightly vulnerable in the oasis. The comprehensive evaluation index was increased in the south of the oasis and northern part in the lower reaches, but decreased in the central area of the oasis. The area of the Minqin Oasis was enlarged from 8.93% of the total Minqin area in 2000 to 11.98% in 2010, which revealed that the benefits of diversion for regenerating the ecology in Minqin Oasis in recent 10 years were significant.

关 键 词：调水工程 生态恢复 植被覆盖度 环境评价模型 民勤绿洲 石羊河 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]