白色脂肪细胞棕色化的相关调控因素  

Related Regulating Factors of White Adipocytes Browning

作　　者：冉红星(综述) 王茵萍(审阅) 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院针灸科,南京市210029

出　　处：《医学分子生物学杂志》2014年第1期53-57,共5页Journal of Medical Molecular Biology

基　　金：江苏省中医药领军人才培养计划（No.LJ200919）

摘　　要：哺乳动物主要含有两种脂肪组织：白色脂肪组织（white adipose tissue，WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（brown adipose tissue，BAT）。前者为贮存能量，后者在维持体温和能量平衡方面发挥重要作用。研究发现，特定部位的白色脂肪，在适当的刺激下可以发生褐变．即白色脂肪转化为棕色脂肪样。其特点是线粒体中的解耦联蛋白1（uncoupling protein1，UCP1）表达增加、多腔室脂滴的存在和线粒体数量的增多。这些褐变脂肪细胞的基因表达谱介于白色脂肪细胞和经典的棕色脂肪细胞之间，于是提出了“白色脂肪细胞棕色化”的概念。其褐变过程是如何进行的，目前已成为热门研究话题。由于白色脂肪褐变显示了能量平衡由能量储存转为能量支出，因而成为治疗日益严重和流行的肥胖和代谢综合征的新目标。文章对褐变中起作用的转录因子、多种蛋白和分泌因子进行了总结。Mammals mainly contain two types of adipose tissue, white adipose tissue （WAT） and brown adipose tissue （BAT） . The former function for energy storage, the latter plays an im- portant role in maintaining body temperature and energy balance. Recent studies demonstrated that WAT from certain depots, in response to appropriate stimuli, can undergo a process known as browning where it takes on characteristics of BAT, notably the induction of UCP1 expression and the presence of multilocular lipid droplets and mutilple mitochondria. The phenotype of this kind of cells is between white adipocytes and classic brown adipocytes. Therefore, the concept of browning of white adipocytes is put forward. How browning is regulated is an intense topic of investigation as it has the potential to tilt the energy balance from storage to expenditure, a strategy that holds promise to combat the growing epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This review focuses on the transcriptional regulators as well as various proteins and secreted mediators that have been shown to play a role in browning.

关 键 词：棕色脂肪 白色脂肪 白色脂肪细胞棕色化 褐变 

分 类 号：R34[医药卫生—基础医学]