氮素形态对郑麦9023籽粒核酸代谢和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Grain Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Quality in Strong Gluten Wheat Variety‘Zhengmai 9023'

作　　者：黄明[1] 吴金芝[1] 李友军[1] 付国占[1] 陈明灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《核农学报》2013年第12期1955-1960,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(102102110030);河南科技大学青年基金(2007QN003)

摘　　要：为了揭示氮素形态对强筋小麦郑麦9023籽粒核酸代谢和品质的调控效应,筛选出适合郑麦9023品质提高的氮素形态,在大田条件下,研究了氮素形态对郑麦9023籽粒核酸含量、蛋白质及其组分含量和面粉拉伸特性、粉质特性的影响。结果表明硝态氮处理郑麦9023籽粒中的核酸总量、DNA含量和RNA含量表现最优,增强了郑麦9023的籽粒基础代谢强度,显著提高了灌浆后期籽粒可溶性蛋白含量,提高了籽粒的球蛋白含量、麦谷蛋白含量和成熟期籽粒的谷/醇比,改善了面团的拉伸特性和面粉的粉质特性,有利于籽粒蛋白质的合成和品质的改善。施用铵态氮也能够在一定程度上改善郑麦9023的拉伸特性和粉质特性。A field experiment was conducted from 2009 to 2011 to investigate the regulatory effects of nitrogen forms on grain nucleic acid metabolism and quality of strong gluten wheat variety Zhengmai 9023 and to screen optimal nitrogen form for high grain quality of this variety. The results showed that application with the nitrate nitrogen had the highest promoting effects on the total nucleic acid content, DNA and RNA content, and the basal metabolism in grains. Nitrate nitrogen treatment significantly enhanced the soluble protein content in grains of Zhengmai 9023 during later grain filling period, and improved the synthesis of protein, the content of globulin and glutamine, and glutenin/gliadin ratio, thus leading to stronger flour extensograph and farinograph characteristics, and higher grain qualities. Application with ammonium nitrogen also could improve the extensograph and farinograph characteristics of Zhengmai 9023.

关 键 词：氮素形态 强筋小麦 核酸代谢 籽粒品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]