航天时间延迟积分CCD相机摆扫成像快速几何校正设计与分析  

Design and Analysis about Rapid Geometric Correction of Space Whiskbroom Time Delayed and Integration CCD Camera

作　　者：杨飞[1,2,3] 金光[1,3] 曲宏松[1,3] 杨秀彬[1,3] 徐开[1,3] 张贵祥[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京1000493 [3]小卫星技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《光学学报》2014年第1期75-81,共7页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家863计划(2012AA121502)

摘　　要：为实现在轨卫星机动成像条带的快速准确拼接和应用,针对高分辨力卫星在轨推摆扫相结合的机动成像模式,提出了一种光线追迹像移匹配数学建模方法。通过对卫星机动过程中的摆角变化、地球表面面型的影响分析,利用摆扫过程中姿态对地指向不断改变导致的交轨方向速度失配量和成像变形量,补偿相机像面各点处的像移量从而进行快速几何校正。利用小卫星姿态控制系统全物理仿真平台对成像进行了仿真分析。分析结果表明,成像过程中随着扫描角的增加,像面上的像移量增大,成像变形情况也变严重。利用均方误差分析仿真成像与实验成像质量,仿真成像与实验成像相差-0.000011左右,较好地满足地面卫星相机成像仿真需求。对不同扫描角下存在速度失配的图像进行快速几何校正,该校正后图像的均方误差变小。该校正方法具有效率高,便于拼接应用的优点。High-resolution space-borne remote sensors usually adopt mobile imaging, combining pushbroom and whiskbroom modes. In these modes, to achieve fast and accurate splicing and imaging application, a mathematical modeling method is proposed to match optical image motion tracing. Through the analysis of impact of scan angle and earth surface, the degrees of velocity mismatch and imaging deformation are computed and fast geometric correction is achieved by compensating the image shift for camera image plane at each point. Finally, physics time delayed and integration （TDI） CCD imaging simulation system is used for the simulation analysis of imaging. Simulation results show that the image shift amount increases and the image distortion turns serious with the increase of the scan angle. Velocity mismatch imaging is geometrically rapidly corrected under different scanning angles using optical tracing matching model. The mean square errors of simulation and experimental imaging quality are analyzed. The difference reaches to 0. 000011 between simulation and experimental imaging and the mean square error of the correctedimage turns small. The results show that this method can meet the demand of the ground satellite camera imaging simulation. The calibration method has high efficiency and is easy to splice.

关 键 词：成像系统 快速几何校正 摆扫 扫描角 像移 

分 类 号：V443.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]