北京市顺义区白内障患病和手术状况的调查  

Prevalence of cataract and surgical coverage among adults aged 50 or above in Shunyi District of Beijing, China

作　　者：赵家良[1] 睢瑞芳[1] 贾丽君[1] LeonB-Ellwein 张承训[3] 降丽娟[4] 张红[5] 孙国强[3] 宋学峰[4] 毛进[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院眼科,100730 [2]美国国家眼科研究所 [3]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学统计学教研室 [4]北京市顺义区医院眼科 [5]中国中医研究院眼科医院

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2001年第1期3-8,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

基　　金：国际狮子基金会;世界卫生组织及美国国家眼科研究所基金!资助项目 (N0 1 Ey 2 10 3)

摘　　要：目的　调查北京市顺义区 5 0岁及以上人群中白内障患病率、白内障盲人手术覆盖率和白内障盲人社会负担率 ,以此了解白内障的患病状况及评价 10余年来该区实施以白内障手术治疗为主的防盲治盲工作的效果。方法　 1996年 9月 ,采用整群随机抽样方法对顺义区抽取 2 8个调查点5 0 84例 5 0岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查 ,包括应用裂隙灯检查受检者晶状体 ;了解接受白内障手术的情况。结果　 5 0 84例受检者中 ,白内障患病率为 2 3 31%。随着年龄的增加 ,白内障患病率明显增高。在女性和文盲者中的白内障患病率较高 ,分别为 2 6 0 1%及 37 33% ;1984年后 ,白内障手术率持续增加 ,以双眼小孔视力 <0 0 5作为盲的标准 ,白内障手术覆盖率为 5 6 36 % ,白内障盲人的社会负担率为 1 6 3%。以双眼日常生活视力 <0 1为标准 ,白内障手术的覆盖率为 47 79% ,白内障盲人的社会负担率为 2 2 2 %。在 70岁以上人群、女性和文盲者中 ,白内障手术覆盖率较低 ,分别为36 36 %、44 87%及 44 0 9%。白内障盲人的社会负担率较高 ,分别为 6 84%、2 74%及 3 90 %。结论白内障仍是高龄者的致盲眼病 ,白内障盲人所造成的社会负担较重。在老龄、女性及文盲中因白内障引起的盲目仍是顺义区目前存在的严重问题。Objective To estimate the prevalence of cataract, surgical coverage rate and the bilateral cataract blindness burden among adults aged 50 or above in Shunyi District of Beijing, China, for evaluating the cataract status and the efficacy of the prevention blindness program in more than 10 years. Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selected individuals aged 50 years or older in 28 villages in Shunyi District in fall, 1996. 5 084 individuals received visual acuity test and eye examination, including lens examination by slit lamp. The cataract operation status was also evaluated. Results The prevalence of cataract was 23 31% among adults aged 50 or above. The prevalence of cataract was increasing by aging. The prevalence of cataract in women and illiterates was significantly higher statistically. The cataract surgical rate had been increasing since 1984. When the bilateral pinhole vision <3/60 was defined as the blindness criterion, the cataract blindness surgical coverage rate was 56 36%, and the bilateral cataract blindness burden was 1 63%. When the bilateral presenting vision <6/60 was defined as the blindness criterion, the cataract blindness surgical coverage rate was 47 79%, and the bilateral cataract blindness burden was 2 22%. The cataract surgical coverage rates were much lower and the bilateral cataract blindness burden much higher in women, illiterates and persons aged 70 or above. Conclusions The prevalence of cataract is higher and bilateral cataract blindness burden is heavier in elder individuals. Cataract blindness is still a serious public health problem in elder, women and illiterates after the prevention blindness program having been actively conducted for more than ten years.

关 键 词：白内障 流行病学 防盲 患病率 手术覆盖率 社会负担率 北京 

分 类 号：R770.1[医药卫生—眼科]