春节期间南京气溶胶质量浓度和化学组成特征  

The mass concentration and chemical compositions of the atmospheric aerosol during the Spring Festival in Nanjing

作　　者：王红磊[1] 朱彬[1] 沈利娟[1,2] 张泽锋[1] 刘晓慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]嘉兴市环境保护监测站,浙江嘉兴314001

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第1期30-39,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41275143;41005071);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206011);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大基础研究项目(12KJA170003);江苏省"333"高层次人才培养工程项目;教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金;中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室开放基金(KDW1103;KDW1102);江苏省江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：为研究春节期间燃放烟花爆竹对城市大气气溶胶质量浓度和化学组成分布特征的影响，对南京市2012年1月19~31日大气气溶胶质量浓度和水溶性离子及重金属等化学成分进行了观测.结果表明：烟花爆竹的大量集中燃放可使PM1.0的浓度以15.5μg/（m3·h）的速率增长；并使得能见度以1.625km/h 的速率急剧下降.质量浓度谱和水溶性离子谱在燃放期均为三峰型分布，在非燃放期为双峰型分布.燃放期 PM2.1和 PM1.1中的 K＋、SO42-、NO3-、Cl-和Mg2＋所占的比例比非燃放期升高了16%~38%，其他离子浓度变化不大.对于0.2~2.0μm的气溶胶，春节期间硝酸盐、含锌和含铜颗粒主要来自烟花爆竹燃放，含钾颗粒部分来自烟花爆竹燃放，含铅颗粒来自工业排放，烟花爆竹的燃放基本不产生硫酸盐颗粒.In China, the most intensive burning of firework event occurs in the New Year Festivities, which release the high concentrations of particles, and cause acute short term air pollution. Concentrations and chemical components of PM10 were measured and analyzed in Nanjing, during the Spring Festival on January 19~31, 2012, for assessing the impacts of fireworks on ambient air quality. The PM1.0 concentration increased at the rate of 15.5μg/（m3·h） and the visibility was reduced at the rate of 1.625km/h during the study period. The results of the mass spectra and water-soluble ions spectrum can be described as trimodal distributions during the burning periods and bimodal distributions during non-burning periods. The ions of K＋, SO42-, NO3-, Cl-and Mg2＋in PM2.1 and PM1.1 increased by the range of 16%~38%during the burning periods. For aerosol in the range of 0.2~2.0μm, nitrate, zinc, copper and part of K-including particles were mainly originated from firework burning, however, sulfate particles were hardly originated by this process, Pb-including particles were from industry emission.

关 键 词：春节 气溶胶 燃放爆竹 质量浓度 水溶性离子 重金属 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]