早期能量限饲对仔鹅生长性能和内脏器官发育的影响  

Effects of Early Energy Restriction on Growth Performance and Internal Organ Development of Geese

作　　者：曹玉娟[1] 王志跃[1] 孙红暖[1] 杨海明[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第1期90-97,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD39B04);国家现代水禽产业技术体系专项(CARS-43-27);扬州大学"新世纪人才工程"资助

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究早期能量限饲对扬州鹅仔鹅生长性能和内脏器官发育的影响。选取体重相近的19日龄扬州鹅公鹅312只，随机分为4组，分别为对照组、能量限饲5％组、能量限饲10％组、能量限饲15％组，每组6个重复，每个重复13只。限饲期（19～28日龄）保持各组采食量一致，分别饲喂代谢能水平为11．46、10．88、10．25、9．67MJ／kg的饲粮；补偿期（29～70日龄）各组自由采食相同营养水平的基础饲粮。结果表明：1）早期能量限饲极显著降低了限饲期仔鹅平均日增重（ADG）且提高了料重比（F／G）（P〈0．01）。补偿期，能量限饲5％组仔鹅ADG极显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），F／G显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），能量限饲lO％组仔鹅ADG、F／G与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）。饲养全期（19～70日龄），能量限饲5％组仔鹅ADG、平均日采食量（ADFI）、F／G与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）；能量限饲10％组仔鹅ADG、ADFI与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05），但F／G显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。2）早期能量限饲极显著降低了限饲期仔鹅肝脏重（P〈0．01），显著降低了限饲期仔鹅十二指肠重、空肠重、回肠重（P〈0．05），极显著降低了限饲期仔鹅十二指肠宽度（P〈0．01），显著降低了限饲期仔鹅回肠长度（P〈0．05）。补偿期，能量限饲5％、10％组的仔鹅肝脏重、十二指肠重、空肠重、回肠重、十二指肠宽度、回肠长度与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）。由此可见，早期能量限饲5％、10％组的仔鹅生长性能和内脏器官在补偿期均能获得补偿生长效应，且能量限饲5％组补偿效应最佳。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of early energy restriction on growth performance and internal organ development of geese. A total of 312 Yangzhou geese （19 days of age） with the similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups （control group, 5% energy restricted group, 10% energy restricted group and 15% energy restricted group, respectively）, and each group had six replicates with thir- teen geese per replicate. Geese in the 4 groups were fed the diets （metabolizable energy levels were 11.46, 10.88, 10.25 and 9.67 MJ/kg, respectively） with the same feed intake during restriction period （19 to 28 days of age）, and geese in the 4 groups were fed the same basal diet with the same nutrient levels during com- pensation period （29 to 70 days of age）. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） early energy restriction signifi- cantly decreased the average daily gain （ADG） and significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain （F/G） of geese in restriction period （P 〈 0.01 ）. In compensation period, the ADG of geese in 5% energy restricted group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and the F/G of geese was significantly lower than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; there were no significant differences in ADG and F/G between control group and 10% energy restricted group （P 〉 0.05）. In the whole period （19 to 70 days of age）, there were no significant differences in ADG, average daily feed intake （ADFI） and F/G between control group and 5% energy restricted group （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; there were no significant differences in ADG and ADFI be- tween control group and 10% energy restricted group （P 〉 0.05 ）, but the F/G in 10% energy restricted group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 2 ） Early energy restriction significantly de- creased the liver weight （ P 〈 0.01 ）, duodenum weight （ P 〈 0.05 ）, jejunum weight （ P 〈 0.05 ）, ileum weight （P �

关 键 词：早期 能量限饲 仔鹅 生长性能 内脏器官 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]