中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪变态过程中脊椎骨化次序  

Ossification Sequence of the Vertebrae during Metamorphosis of Bufo gargarizans Tadpoles

作　　者：桑洲娴 王宏元[1] 王秋梦 梁刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第1期87-93,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(No.SJ08C101);陕西师范大学勤助科研创新基金项目(No.QZZD12073)

摘　　要：两栖动物在幼体变态即由水栖到陆栖的环境转变中，骨骼系统会发生重塑。本文采用茜素红和阿利新蓝的双染色技术对不同发育阶段中华大蟾蜍（Bufo gargarizans）蝌蚪变态过程中（Gosner 38-46）脊椎骨的发育进程进行了形态学研究。结果显示，在中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪Gosner 39期，椎板中线处发生融合；荐前椎Ⅱ-Ⅷ和荐椎的椎体、椎弓起始骨化发生在Gosner 42期；其次荐前椎Ⅱ-Ⅷ和荐椎的横突、底索和荐后椎Ⅰ开始骨化；荐后椎Ⅱ骨化最晚；在Gosner 46期，尾杆骨最终形成。荐后椎愈合形成尾杆骨反映无尾类幼体由水栖环境转变为陆生环境中骨骼系统的机能适应。Skeletal system remodeling of tadpoles, which occurs during amphibian metamorphosis, adapts them to the change from aquatic habitat to land habitat. In this study, the vertebrae skeletons of Bufo gargarizans tadpole at different stages （Gosner 38-46） were investigated using double staining with alcian blue and alizarin red. The results showed that the neural arch laminae fused at the midline at gosner stage 39. The centra and neural arch of presacrals Ⅰ-Ⅷ and sacral started to ossify at gosner stage 42, then the transverse processes of presacrals Ⅰ-Ⅷ, sacrum, hypochord, postsacral Ⅰ and postsacral Ⅱ began to ossify; finally the urostyle formed at gosner stage 46. The formation of the urostyle by the fusion of the postsacral veterbrae reflects the functional adaption of anuran larval skeletal system for transformation from aquatic to terrestrial environment.

关 键 词：中华大蟾蜍 蝌蚪 脊椎 骨化 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]