浙江南部淤泥质海岸河口拦门沙航道泥沙回淤规律——以鳌江河口为例  

Back Silting Law of the Mouth Bar Channel in Southern Zhejiang Muddy Coastal Estuaries:Case Study of Aojiang Estuary

作　　者：左利钦[1] 陆永军[1] 季荣耀[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2014年第1期88-105,共18页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助NSFC-NOW项目(中荷)(51061130546);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379127;50879047)

摘　　要：以鳌江口为例,通过试挖槽实测资料分析及波流共同作用下的二维泥沙数学模型研究了浙江南部淤泥质强潮河口拦门沙的成因及航道开挖后泥沙回淤规律.研究表明,因河口迅速展宽,水流扩散,输沙能力不断减弱,河口区的最大浑浊带为拦门沙的形成提供了丰富的泥沙来源,泥沙在口门附近堆积,形成拦门沙浅段.拦门沙开挖后泥沙回淤规律为:航槽回淤主要发生在风浪天,台风期发生骤淤,无风天航槽泥沙淤积较少.回淤的泥沙主要是滩面泥沙在风浪作用下的局部搬运.风浪过后,挖槽内发生"冲刷"现象,主要是由于浮泥密实造成的.通过与天津港等淤泥质海岸台风期骤淤的对比分析,认为较强的动力条件和丰富的泥沙来源是鳌江口骤淤的主要原因,在动力较强的淤泥质海岸骤淤强度较大.此外,还探讨了该类河口拦门沙的治理思路.Aojiang estuary, a strong-tidal and muddy estuary in Southern Zhejiang China, is taken as an example to study the back silting law of the mouth bar. Data analysis of measured back silting in a trial channel and a 2D sediment mathematical model under the co-action of waves and tidal currents were used. Tidal current from upstream diffuse at the entrance because the river mouth is widened, leading to deposition. Meanwhile, the maximum turbidity zone provides sufficient sediment source. These are the main Causes of mouth bar＇ s formation. Results show that, the main part of back silting happens in typhoon days and back is deposition in representative wave days; sudden silting silting is relatively less in current days. The surroundingbeach sediment which was stirred up siltation. However, after storm events, the bar channel increased. This phenomenon during windy days consist the main source of back siltation depth decreased and water depth in the mouth is caused by fluid mud density compacting. Compared with other muddy coasts, such as Tianjing Port, strong dynamic conditions and abundant sediment source are the main reasons of sudden siltation in Southern Zhejiang estuaries.Regulation measurements are also studied for this type mouth bar channel.

关 键 词：拦门沙 航道 泥沙回淤 淤泥质 强潮河口 骤淤 鳌江口 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]