土壤环境中的小分子有机酸及其环境效应  

Low molecular weight organic acids in soils and its environmental effects

作　　者：刘永红[1] 马舒威 岳霞丽[1] 胡红青[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学理学院,武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2014年第2期133-138,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071165);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2011JC005)

摘　　要：小分子有机酸是土壤环境中一类重要的活性物质。土壤中的小分子有机酸主要来源于植物根系的分泌、动植物残体的分解、微生物的分泌与合成、土壤中有机物的转化等,其组成比较复杂,主要为脂肪族和芳香族羧酸,且在土壤中的含量较低(小于10 mmol/kg)。土壤中的小分子有机酸具有重要的环境效应,除对土壤中重金属的迁移、毒性和生物有效性有影响外,同时还对有机污染物的迁移、转化和降解也有一定的影响,其作用机制不同。本文对土壤环境中的小分子有机酸的来源、种类及其环境效应等进行综合阐述,并对小分子有机酸的进一步研究进行展望。Low molecular weight organic acids（LMWOAs） are a kind of important active matters in soils. The sources and types of LMWOAs,and its environmental effects in soils are reviewed in this pa- per. The LMWOAs mainly originate from root exudates, decomposition of animal and plant, microbial synthesis and secretion, and the transformation of organic matters. The compositions of organic acids are extremely complicated but can be mainly classified into fatty and aroma families＇ organic acids with less than 10 mmol/kg concentrations in soils. The LMWOAs play an important role in soil environmental processes. They could affect the movement, toxicity and bioavailability of heavy metals in soils, and influ- ence the mobilization, transformation and degradation of organic pollutants. The mechanisms of LM- WOAs on heavy metals and organic pollutants in soils are different. Some suggestions for further re- search in this field are proposed.

关 键 词：小分子有机酸 土壤 污染物 环境效应 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]