自供电磁阻车辆检测节点设计  

Self-Powered Magnetic Sensor Node for Vehicle Detection

作　　者：王玮[1] 沈继忠[1] 董利达[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学信息与电子工程学系,杭州310027 [2]杭州师范大学信息科学与工程学院,杭州310012

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2013年第12期1734-1739,共6页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

摘　　要：针对无线车辆信息采集系统寿命受制于节点功耗的问题,设计了一种基于各向异性磁阻传感器的自供电车辆检测节点。节点采用电源动态管理,设计了快速信号采集电路,结合低功耗芯片的选用以及执行睡眠等方法来控制节点功耗。为减少通信次数和保证可靠通信,针对应用定制了时分多址加跳频的无线通信协议。节点采用超级电容加充电锂电池的存储结构收集太阳能,通过软硬件协同设计实现了简单高效的能量管理方法,具有供电源自动切换和充电控制功能。实验测试的结果表明该节点能够胜任车流量检测应用,自供电能够满足节点可持续工作的需要。A self-powered node based on anisotropic magnetoresistive （AMR）sensor is designed to extend lifetime of wireless vehicle information collection system. Dynamic power management is implemented in the node, power con- sumption is controlled by design of rapid signal acquisition circuit, selection of low-power chip and sleep mechanisms. In order to reduce packets and ensure reliable communication, a wireless protocol of time-division （TDMA） frequency hopping is customized for the application. Super capacitor and rechargeable lithium battery is adopted as storage structure to collect solar energy. Simple and efficient energy management is implemented through software/hardware co-design, with the function of automatic power switching and charging control. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed node is capable of vehicle flow detection and the power can meet the needs of perpetual operation.

关 键 词：车辆检测 低功耗 太阳能供电 磁阻传感器 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP393[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]