河南汉族人群中19项遗传性状特征的分布及法医学应用价值  

Distribution of 19 hereditary characters in Henan Han population and its forensic application value

作　　者：祁英杰[1] 杨彩玲[2] 黄艳梅[1] 李征辉 马亚磊 倪天军[1] 韩金红[1] 高黎黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院基础医学院法医物证学教研室,新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院第一附属医院口腔科,卫辉453100

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2014年第1期86-88,共3页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：新乡医学院高学历人才启动基金2005

摘　　要：目的:调查河南汉族人群19项遗传性状的分布特点并探讨其在法医学中的应用。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法调查河南汉族人群1 010个无关个体,对前额发际、发旋、发式、达尔文结节、耳垂、耳垢、眼睑、鼻尖、卷舌、翻舌、三叶舌和尖舌12项头面部遗传性状,拇指关节、中指被毛、小指弯曲、利手、扣手、交叉臂和叠腿7项躯干部遗传性状的分布情况进行分析。结果:19项遗传性状中,前额发际、达尔文结节、眼睑、尖舌、三叶舌和扣手6项在男女间分布的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.868、5.493、7.264、5.298、7.769和5.144,P均<0.05)。在1 010个河南汉族无关个体中,19项遗传性状构成的表型组合共有938种,其中仅出现1次的有885种(87.62%);匹配概率为0.001 2,个人识别率达0.998 8。结论:河南汉族人群中19项遗传性状的表型组合具有较高的遗传多态性,在法医学个人识别等应用中具有一定的意义。Aim：To investigate the distribution characteristics of 19 hereditary characters in Han population of Henan Province and to assess its application in forensic genetics .Methods：Distribution characteristics of 12 head and facial he-reditary characters including front form of hair , hair whorl, hairdo, Darwin nodules, ear lobe, cerumen, eye fold of the up-per eyelid, nose top, retroflex,twisting tongue, trefoil tongue and tip of tongue ,and 7 trunk hereditary characters including thumb joint, hair of middle finger, curl of little finger, handedness, cross arm, folding leg, and hand clasping of 1 010 un-related individuals were investigated in Henan Han population by using stratified cluster random sampling method .Re-sults：Six hereditary characters including hair forehead , Darwin nodules, eyelids, pointed tongue, trefoil tongue and hand clasping had significant difference between males and females （χ2 =4.868,5.493,7.264,5.298,7.769 and 5.144,P＆lt;0.05）.938 types of combined phenotypes of 19 hereditary characters were observed among 1 010 unrelated individuals in Henan Han population .Out of them, 885（87.62%） types were found only once .Probability of match and power of dis-crimination were 0.001 2 and 0.998 8,respectively.Conclusion：Combined phenotypes of 19 human hereditary characters in Henan Han population has high genetic polymorphism which is helpful for individual identification in forensic practice .

关 键 词：河南汉族 遗传性状 个人识别 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]