种植密度对小麦籽粒淀粉含量和晶体特性的影响  

Effects of Plant Density on Starch Content and Crystal Property of Wheat Grain

作　　者：蔡瑞国[1] 张敏[1] 韩婷[1] 谢新宇[1] 徐彩龙[2] 顾锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院生命科技学院,河北昌黎066600 [2]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2014年第1期78-83,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31201157);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2011407011);河北省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(Y2012032)

摘　　要：为探究种植密度对小麦籽粒淀粉品质的调控效应,以2个小麦品种(轮选987和济麦22)为材料,分析了3个不同种植密度(150、300、450万株·hm-2)下小麦籽粒淀粉含量和晶体特性。结果表明,种植密度影响小麦籽粒淀粉的积累和组成。随种植密度的增大,直链淀粉含量呈先降后升的趋势,而支链淀粉和总淀粉含量表现为先升后降。淀粉晶体呈典型的A型特征,且不受种植密度影响。种植密度明显影响淀粉颗粒内部的结晶程度,表现为随种植密度的增大,相对结晶度先升后降。同时,种植密度改变了淀粉X-衍射图谱中各峰的精细位置和相对强度,说明种植密度对淀粉颗粒内部结晶区的晶胞结构或微晶排列也存在一定影响。淀粉的相对结晶度与直链淀粉含量呈负相关,与支链淀粉含量呈正相关。In this study, two winter wheat cultivars （LX987 and JM22） were selected and three levels of basic seedling （150, 300, and 450 seedlings per m2） were designed to investigate the effect of plant density on starch content and crystal property of wheat grain. The results indicated that plant density did not only affect the accumulation of grain starch, but also changed its composition. With basic seedling rates increasing, grain amylose content first decreased and then increased, whereas amylopec- tion and total starch content displayed contrary tendency. Wheat starch showed typical A-type XRD spectrum, and the crystal type was not affected by plant density. However, plant density greatly af- fected the relative crystallinity of starch; it was first increased and then declined with the increase of seedling rates. Meanwhile, the fine angles and relative intensities of diffraction peaks in starch XRD spectra were altered, which suggested plant density could also influence the cell crystal structure or micro-crystallite arrangement of wheat starch crystal. The relative crystallinity of wheat starch was negatively correlated with grain amylose content, and positively with grain amylopection content.

关 键 词：冬小麦 种植密度 淀粉含量 晶体特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311