船舶机舱三维视景仿真系统设计与实现  

Design and Implementation of Marine Engine Room Three-dimensional Visual Simulation System

作　　者：曾鸿[1] 张均东[1] 任光[1] 甘辉兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学轮机学院,大连116026

出　　处：《系统仿真学报》2014年第2期363-368,375,共7页Journal of System Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51009017);辽宁省自然科学基金(201202017);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3132013030)

摘　　要：设计了一个具有较强真实感和交互性的船舶机舱三维视景仿真系统。采用着色器编程方法开发设备通用材质,在着色器中实现了光照模型及特效,提高了实时渲染性能。从漫游、导航、拾取三方面设计视景系统的人机交互功能。给出了不同漫游模式和视角下摄像机的控制方法,利用路径规划算法实现自动漫游,使用虚拟力法实现第三人称视角下的实时跟随。设计了大地图、小地图、入口三种导航模式。针对虚拟机舱中三维拾取有效性不高的问题,引入拾取结果占比辅助判断。基于双目立体视觉实现了立体成像,通过对比分析说明双目汇聚投影和双目平行投影在机舱视景仿真中的应用特点。设计的船舶机舱三维视景仿真系统已成功应用于调距桨船舶轮机模拟器中。A three-dimensional marine engine room visual simulation system with strong sense of reality and interactivity was designed. Equipment common material was developed by use of shader. Illumination models and special effects were realized in shader, thus improved real-time rendering performance. Human-machine interactive functions including roaming, navigation and picking up were designed. Camera control method under different roaming modes and perspective was given. Automatic roaming was realized by path planning algorithm and real-time follow up function under third person perspective was achieved by virtual force method. Three navigation modes including global map, local map and portal were designed. To improve three-dimensional pick up efficiency in virtual engine room, the pick up result＇s proportion was introduced to aid judgment. Based on binocular stereo vision, stereoscopic imaging was realized. Comparative analysis indicates the characteristics of binocular convergence projection and binocular parallel projection in marine engine room visual simulation. The designed marine engine room three-dimensional visual simulation system has been successfully applied in controllable pitch propeller marine engine room simulator.

关 键 词：船舶 轮机模拟器 视景仿真 虚拟现实 自动漫游 三维拾取 立体视觉 着色器 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] U664.82[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]