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机构地区:[1]上海市儿童医院眼科, 200040 [2] 浙江大学附属第一医院眼科,杭州310008
出 处:《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2014年第1期48-51,共4页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science
摘 要:目的 探讨引起双眼复视的斜视的类型以及病因学的诊断.方法 回顾性病例研究.117例双眼复视患者,年龄20~82岁,年龄中位数为47岁.采用三棱镜、红球片、Hess屏及同视机等方法分析复像;辅以血液生化检查、新斯的明试验和头颅影像学)和磁共振血管造影,必要时进行胸腺MRI检查来辅助诊断.结果 117例复视中非共同性斜视包括麻痹性斜视、限制性斜视.麻痹性斜视包括展神经麻痹(35例,29.9%)、单纯动眼神经麻痹(28例,23.9%)、滑车神经麻痹(19例,16.2%)、多颅神经麻痹共存(8例,6.8%);限制性斜视包括限制性下斜视(18例,15.4%)和限制性外斜视(2例,1.7%).共同性斜视主要是间歇性外斜视早期(4例,3.4%)和急性共同性内斜视(3例,2.6%).主要的病因依次为糖尿病(32例,27.4%)、脑血管疾病(20例,17.1%)、脑以及眼眶骨折(15例,12.8%)、颅脑肿瘤(11例,9.4%)、病毒感染(10例,8.6%)、眼眶肿瘤(9例,7.7%)、甲状腺相关眼病(TAO)(9例,7.7%)、重症肌无力(5例,4.3%)、白血病化疗期间(2例,1.7%)和不明原因(4例,3.4%).结论 引起复视的原因较复杂,需要结合眼外肌运动、红绿玻璃试验和HESS屏检查等来诊断麻痹的眼外肌.Objective To analyze the types of strabismus and the path of the genetic features in binocular diplopia in adults in order to improve the therapeutic effect of treatment.Methods A Hess screen,red glass test and motility examination were used to evaluate ocular alignment,ocular ductions and versions and diplopic image analysis in 117 cases of binocular diplopia.Biochemical examination of blood,image analysis (MRI and/or MRA) and an edrophonium test were used.Results The main types of strabismus among the 117 cases were paralytic strabismus that included sixth cranial nerve palsy (35 cases,29.9%),third cranial nerve palsy (28 cases,23.93%),superior oblique palsy (19 cases,16.2%),and multiple cranial nerve palsy (8 cases,6.8%).Restricted strabismus included restricted hypotropia (18 cases,15.4%) and restricted exotropia (2 cases,1.7%).Concommitent strabismus included early onset intermittent exotropia (4 cases,3.4%)and acute esotropia (4 cases,3.4%).The main causes were diabetes (32 cases,27.4%),vascular disease (20 cases,17.1%),trauma (15 cases,12.8%),brain tumor (11 cases,9.4%),virus infection (10 cases,8.6%),Graves disease (9 cases,7.7%),myasthenia gravis(5 cases,4.3%),chemotherapy (2 cases,1.7%) and unknown reasons (4 cases,3.4%).Conclusion Binocular diplopia is a complicated syndrome.Multiple methods should be combined to identify the latent causes and find better treatments.
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