不同漱口液预防拔牙后口腔感染的临床疗效分析  

Clinical efficacy of different mouthwashes in prevention of oral infections after tooth extraction

作　　者：王立新[1] 李志华[1] 倪耀丰 辛萍[1] 魏世成[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院口腔科,北京100038 [2]北京大学口腔医学院交叉学科实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第4期981-982,985,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30973317)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同种类的漱口液预防拔牙后口腔感染的疗效,为临床治疗提供帮助。方法对2012年3月-2013年6月口腔科拔牙的192例患者术后使用漱口液情况进行比较,将全部患者随机分为4组,每组各48例;观察口腔感染发生率,分析聚维酮碘漱口液、复方氯己定漱口液、过氧化氢漱口液和盐水4种不同漱口液对预防感染的疗效,并记录拔牙前和1周后的口腔菌落计数。结果 192例患者拔牙后口腔感染14例,感染率为7.29%;对4组患者进行对比研究发现,4种漱口液对细菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,且不同漱口液对细菌抑制效果不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);含聚维酮碘漱口液对各种细菌的抑制优于其他3组,使用后口腔感染率为0,菌落数仅为(2.01±1.32)CFU/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论含聚维酮碘漱口液的抗菌谱较广,有较好的抑菌效果,对预防拔牙后口腔感染有很好的疗效,建议在拔牙后口腔护理时,合理的有针对性的选择漱口液,以提高口腔的健康水平,降低口腔感染。OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical efficacy of difference types of mouthwashes in prevention of oral infections after tooth extraction so as to provide guidance for the clinical treatment. METHODS Totally 192 patients, who underwent the tooth extraction in the department of stomatology and used mouthwashes from Mar 2012 to Jun 2013, were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into four groups, with 48 cases in each, then the incidence of oral infections was observed, the clinical efficacy of the povidone iodine mouthwash, compound chlorhexidine mouthwash, hydrogen peroxide mouthwash, or saline in prevention of the infections was evaluated, and the bacterial colony counts were recorded before the tooth extraction and 1 week after the tooth extraction. RESULTS Of the 192 patients who underwent the tooth extraction, the oral infections occurred in 14 cases with the infection rate of 7.29~. The contrast study indicated that all the four kinds of mouthwashes had the inhibitory effect on bacteria and varied in the antibacterial effect, with statistical significance（P^0.05） ; the inhibitory effect of the povidone iodine mouthwash was better than that of other three groups; the incidence of oral infections was 0 after the use of the povidone iodine mouthwash, and the bacterial colony counts were only （2.01 ~ 1.32）CFU/ml, with statistical significance （P%0. 05）. CONCLUSION The povidone iodine mouthwash has broader antibacterial spectrum and can achieve more significant inhibitory effect, which has good clinical efficacy in prevention of oral infections after the tooth extraction. It is suggested that the mouthwashes should be reasonably used during the oral nursing so as to improve the level of oral care and reduce the incidence of oral infections.

关 键 词：漱口水 口腔感染 拔牙 预防 疗效分析 

分 类 号：R781[医药卫生—口腔医学]