遗传对儿童青少年智力发育影响的双生子研究  

A twin study of genetic effects on intelligence development of children and adolescents

作　　者：胡小梅[1] 傅一笑[2] 马兴顺 侯枭[3] 周颖清[1] 朱文芬[1] 蒙华庆[2] 贾璐[4] 覃青[5] 邓伟[6] 李涛[6] 王英诚[6] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学护理学院,400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心理卫生中心,400016 [3]重庆医药高等专科学校临床学院,401331 [4]重庆市第九人民医院心理科,400715 [5]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,成都610041 [6]贵州省人民医院心理科,贵阳550002

出　　处：《重庆医学》2014年第4期394-395,398,共3页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81101025)

摘　　要：目的：双生子法探索遗传与环境对儿童青少年智力发育的影响。方法以学籍登记为线索在重庆市募集6～18岁共同生活的双生子190对，采集颊黏膜、血液标本提取DNA ，进行卵型鉴定。采用中国修订版-韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WISC）评定双生子的智力特点，用组内相关系数法计算各智力指标的遗传度。结果6～18岁儿童总智商遗传度为0．63，其中言语智商为0．44，操作智商为0．57；10～14岁和15～18岁儿童总智商遗传度（0．78、0．79）较6～9岁儿童总智商遗传度（0．018）大。结论6～18岁儿童智力受遗传与环境的共同作用，随着年龄的增长智力发育受遗传的影响越来越大。Objective Using twins methods to explore the influence of genetic and environmental factor on Intelligence develop-ment of children and adolescent twins .Methods It was 190 pair of twins aged 6 to 18 who lived in Chongqing were recruited ,DNA were extracted from buccal mucosa and venous blood samples to identify zygosity .The intelligence was investigated by using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children（C-WISC） ,the intrapair correlation coefficients of twins were compared and calculate the genetic degrees .Results The total IQ of children aged 6 to 18 heritability were 0 .63 ,Verbal IQ were 0 .44 ,Performance IQ were 0 .57 .The total IQ heritability of children aged 10 to 14 and 15 to 18 years（0 .78 ,0 .79） were higher than that of those aged from 6 to 9 years（0 .018） .Conclusion This study suggested the intelligence of children aged 6 to 18 affected by genetic and environment , and the older ,the more influence of genetic on intelligence development .

关 键 词：双生子 遗传度 智力发育 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]