明代福建科举盛况与科名的地理分布特征  

The Pomp of Fujian Imperial Examination in the Ming Dynasty and the Geographic Distribution Characteristics of Scholarly Honor Won in Imperial Examination

作　　者：戴显群[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院

出　　处：《教育与考试》2013年第5期34-40,96,共8页Education and Examinations

摘　　要：明代福建科名十分兴盛,继两宋之后再度出现繁荣兴旺的局面,及第进士2418人,名列全国各直省第四位,若以人口数平均,却遥遥领先,名列全国第一位。明代福建还出了11名状元、12名榜眼、10名探花、12名会元,创造了一榜三及第的科举奇迹,显示了福建科举大省的地位。但是,明代福建科名的地理分布极不平衡,呈现出东南沿海府县兴盛与西北山区府县衰败的趋势。究其原因,除了沿海地区自唐宋以来文教事业就相对发达之外,明代福建沿海地区社会经济迅速发展以及一系列的地域特点,当是至关重要的因素。The scholarly honor won in imperial examination in Fujian in the Ming Dynasty is quite flourishing, and there are 2418 successful candidates which ranks fourth in the country and ranks first when shared by the number of population.In addition, there are 11 Zhuangyuan, 12 Bangyan, 10 Tanhua and 12 Huiyuan, which shows that Fujian is a great province in imperial examination. However, the geographic distribution of scholarly honor won in imperial examination is quite imbalanced, and shows a flourishing trend in southeast coastal prefectures and counties and a declining trend in northwest mountain areas.Besides the relatively developed culture and education in coastal areas since the Tang Dynasty, the rapid development of social economy of Fujian coastal areas in the Ming Dynasty and a series of geo graphical characteristics are the crucial factors to promote the flourishing trend.

关 键 词：明代福建 科举盛况 地理分布 主要因素 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]