视神经萎缩病因分析  

Analysis on etiology of optic atrophy

作　　者：滕克禹[1] 吕丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南市第二人民医院中医眼科,济南250001

出　　处：《中国中医眼科杂志》2013年第6期428-430,共3页China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的了解视神经萎缩(OA)的病因,为临床诊断提供参考。方法OA患者243例(415只眼),结合病史、眼科常规和特殊检查,以及必要的全身影像学和实验室检查结果,对OA的病因进行回顾性分析。结果243例患者中,男156例,女87例。视神经炎性OA患者47例(19.3%),其中特发性视神经炎性OA 42例占89.0%;外伤性44例(18.1%),其中车祸伤24例占55.0%;缺血性视神经病变(AION)43例(17.7%),其中33例有全身基础病,占77.0%;青光眼性OA 26例(10.7%),其中原发性22例占85.0%;Leber遗传性视神经病变(LHON)22例(9.1%),其中11 778(+)13例占检查中的87.0%;压迫性13例(5.4%),视网膜色素变性11例(4.5%),视网膜动脉阻塞9例(3.7%),药物中毒4例(1.7%),其他6例(2.5%),原因不明18例(7.4%)。结论视神经炎、外伤、AION、青光眼、LHON、肿瘤压迫是OA的常见原因。眼科特殊检查、全身影像学以及实验室检查有助于OA的病因诊断。OBJECTIVE To understand the etiology of optic atrophy （OA）, and to provide the reference for clinical diagnosis. METHODS Detailed histories of OA patients, ophthalmological routine and special inspections, necessary whole body images and laboratory examinations were performed. RESULTS The total number of the patients was 243 （male 156, female 87）. The number of patients with optic neuritis was 47 （19.3%）, including 42 OA cases （89%） caused by idiopathic optic neuritis. Forty-four cases were traumatic （18.1%）, including 24 cases （55%） caused by traffic accident injury. There were 43 cases （17.7%） with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy （AION）, including 33 cases （77%） with systemic diseases. Twenty-six cases （10.7%） had glaucoma, and 22 cases （85%） of them were primary. Twenty-two were Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON） cases （9.1%）, in- cluding 13 cases （87%） with 11778 （＋）. The other patients consisted of compression in 13 cases （5.4%）, retinal pigment degeneration in 11 cases （4.5%）, 9 cases （3.7%） of retinal artery occlusion, 4 cases （1.7%） of drug poisoning, the other 6 cases （2.5%）, 18 cases （7.4%） with unknown reason. CONCLUSIONS Optic neuritis, traumatic, AION, glaucoma, LHON and compression are common causes of OA. Ophthalmology, whole body imaging and laboratory examination were conducive to diagnose the cause of OA.

关 键 词：视神经萎缩 病因 

分 类 号：R774.63[医药卫生—眼科]