东北地区粘虫的季节性迁飞行为(英文)  

Seasonal migratory behavior of Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Northeast China

作　　者：张云慧[1] 张智[1,3] 李超[1] 姜玉英[2] 曾娟[2] 程登发[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [3]北京市植物保护站,北京100029

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2013年第12期1418-1429,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD19B04);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-3-1)

摘　　要：粘虫Mythimna separata是我国农业生产上的重要害虫， 为了明确其季节性迁飞行为参数， 本研究采用垂直监测昆虫雷达（vertical-looking radar, VLR）及相关辅助设备的长期自动观测， 结合基于GIS的大区环流和轨迹模拟， 调查分析了2005年东北地区粘虫季节性迁飞行为。结果表明： 粘虫在不同季节和夜间不同时间空中飞行高度具有明显差异， 空中飞行行为受气象条件尤其是空中风场影响较大； 春季和秋季主要借助气流运载进行大规模长距离迁飞， 夜间持续飞行时间可达9 h， 多数个体能完成整夜飞行， 春季迁飞高度主要在300~600 m， 秋季飞行高度相对较低主要在300 m以下和400~500 m。夏季雷达回波有明显的成层现象， 最高可达1 000 m， 主要集中在500 m和700 m两个高度层。轨迹分析显示： 5月29日由山东潍坊、 临沂等虫源地起飞的黏虫， 顺西南气流越海迁飞， 6月1日在气旋天气影响下， 在吉林省白城等地降落; 7月中旬主要为当地黏虫受对流天气影响进行短距离迁飞扩散; 9月11日虫源来自内蒙古呼伦贝尔， 顺西北气流向吉林省东南方向迁飞。研究结果为东北地区粘虫的有效防控提供了技术支撑。Mythimna separata （Walker） is a vital pest insect in China. In order to identify the parameters of seasonal migratory behavior of M. separata （Walker） in Northeast China, long-term observation was carried out by vertical-looking radar （VLR） and light traps in Jilin province in 2005, in combination with analysis of large-scale wind systems and trajectory simulation based on GIS. The results showed that migration of M. separata moths only occurred on a few nights during each of three distinct migration periods; they flew at obviously different altitudes depending on season and time of night, and their migratory behavior was significantly influenced by meteorological conditions, especially the large-scale atmospheric circulation. The long-distance migration was windborne, and flights of M. separata moths could be observed throughout the night. The flying altitude in spring was mainly 300-600 m, while that in autumn was relatively low, mainly below 500 m. Radar echoes in summer were obvious in layers, indicating that the migrants were sometimes concentrated into two or more layers, mainly in 500 and 700 m, with a maximum height of up to 1 000 m. Trajectory analysis showed that on May 29 and June 1, M. separata populations flying over the radar station originated from the southwest, probably from Shandong province. In mid-July, however, these populations were locally landed and showed relatively short-distance dispersal under the influence of convective weather. On September 11, M. separata populations originating from the Hulun Buir region of Inner Mongolia were observed to fly on northwesterly winds to the southeast of Jilin province. The results provided technical support for the effective prevention and control of armyworm in Northeast of China.

关 键 词：粘虫 迁飞 雷达监测 轨迹分析 垂直监测昆虫雷达 灯诱 虫源 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]