再论民事诉讼立案程序的功能与结构  

The Function and Structure of the Case-filing Procedure of Civil Proceedings: a Reconsideration

作　　者：傅郁林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《上海大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第1期39-53,共15页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学规划基金资助项目(11BFX122)

摘　　要：在我国民事诉讼制度中,最混乱不堪的程序环节莫过于立案程序。2012年《民事诉讼法修正案》的相关修改条款因囿于旧的规范框架和程序结构之内而无法在政治和谐、保障当事人诉权、加速司法效率三大宗旨之间谋求平衡。我国立案程序的混乱状况使得其结构与功能安排产生了诸多实践问题和理论困境,如:立案混合审查制产生诉讼时效起算点等法律难题;法院起诉审查截断原、被告之间的诉答程序,从而造成诉权保障与程序效率双重受损;答辩义务或权利期间缺乏适当法律拘束,从而导致程序公平与效率目标双双落空;先行调解的程序尴尬和宗旨悖逆,等等。以新法的规范和宗旨为前提,通过法律解释和司法改革,将立案程序与审前程序乃至与诉前途径之间进行界分和衔接,能够实现其基本宗旨。The case-filing procedure is probably the most disorganized part of China＆#39;civil proceeding sys-tem.Since the 2012 “Amendments to Civil Procedure Law” was formulated within the old framework , it fails to balance the call for political harmony , the need to ensure the right to appeal , and the demand for greater legal efficiency.The disorganized nature has caused many practical problems and theoretical dilemmas , affecting both the structure and function of the procedure .For example, the mixed review system makes it difficult to de-termine the starting point of effectiveness of a prosecution;the court prosecution review system often interrupts the pleading and defense process between the prosecutor and the defendant , thus damaging both the right to ap-peal and the procedure＆#39;s efficiency;the absence of legal restraints during the period when one has the right or the obligation to defend not only affects the justice of the procedure but also reduces its efficiency ;and the dif-ficulties in pretrial mediation works against its overall purpose .Based on the principles and objectives of the new law, through legal interpretation and judiciary reform , efforts could be made to clearly define the law-fil-ing, pretrial and even pre-litigation procedures and then properly connect these stages , so as to ensure the ful-fillment of the fundamental objectives .

关 键 词：民事诉讼法修正案 立案程序 法律解释 司法改革 “Amendments to CIVIL PROCEDURE Law” 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]