城市农民工子女刻板印象威胁效应的实验研究  

An Experimental Study of the Effects of Stereotype Threat on the Working Memory of Children of Farmer-Turned Migrant Workers in Cities

作　　者：莫琼琼 贺雯[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省平湖市职业中等专业学校,平湖314200 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2014年第2期85-89,共5页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：上海市教委科研创新重点项目"城市农民工子女的刻板印象威胁机制和效应研究"(项目编号:13ZS089);上海师范大学重点学科的资助

摘　　要：刻板印象威胁是指由消极刻板印象导致的一种社会心理困境,诱发群体成员的压力和害怕体验,进而损害群体成员的行为表现。研究选取65名城市农民工子女,采用工作记忆的数字n-back范式,考察城市农民工子女的刻板印象威胁效应,结果如下:(1)在工作记忆的三个任务难度中,实验组被试的正确率显著低于控制组被试的正确率;随着难度的增加,控制组和实验组被试的正确率都显著下降;(2)在工作记忆的三个任务难度中,实验组被试的猜测率显著高于控制组被试的猜测率。结果表明在激活城市农民工子女的消极刻板印象后,产生了明显的刻板印象威胁效应。Stereotype threat （ST）, a psychological dilemma resulting from a negative stereotype, induces stress and fear from group members. This study, by using the n-back task to survey 65 children of farmer-turned migrant workers in cities, aims to explore such children＇s ST. The results show the following： （1） the experi- mental group shows a significandy lower rate of accuracy than the control group; with the increase of the difficulty of the task, both of the groups show a significantly lower rate of accuracy; （2） the experimental group shows a significantly higher rate of guessing than the control group. The study concludes that an obvious ST exists after the negative stereotype of children of farmer-turned migrant workers in cities has been stimulated.

关 键 词：城市农民工子女 刻板印象威胁 工作记忆 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]