耳鼻喉颌面伤合并颅脑损伤500例  

Cranio-maxillofacial trauma( 500 cases report)

作　　者：郑立友 李学军[2] 

机构地区：[1]莱芜市中医医院耳鼻咽喉科 [2]莱芜市人民医院ICU,山东莱芜271100

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2014年第1期59-61,共3页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

摘　　要：目的明确耳鼻喉颌面伤合并颅脑损伤患者群体的性别差异、年龄分布、主要致伤原因，探讨二者伤情之间的关系，统计颅脑损伤情况与伤情判断、治疗的方法和效果。方珐总结1265例耳鼻喉颌面损伤合并有颅脑损伤患者500例（39．60％）的病历资料，回顾性分析并加以统计学研究。结果1265例中耳鼻喉颌面损伤部位在鼻听线平面及以上者388例（30．67％），损伤部位在鼻听线平面以下者112例（8．85％），鼻听线上下两部位损伤合并颅脑损伤发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；耳鼻喉颌面伤合并颅脑损伤500例中，男女比例4．1：1；高峰年龄为20—49岁间计392例（78．40％）；交通事故居致伤原因首位239例（47．80％）；脑震荡、脑挫裂伤、颅内血肿分别占59．40％、11．80％、6．20％；按GCS伤情评分，轻型88．40％；按GOS预后评分，良好95．4％。结论耳鼻喉颌面损伤合并颅脑损伤是现代创伤中常见复合伤，男性多于女性，发病患者群以青壮年为主，交通事故为致病主要原因，鼻听线对诊断有参考价值，患者损伤程度比较轻，只要及时诊断，正确救治，治疗效果好，致残率、死亡率低。Objective To investigate the demographic, causes and clinical characteristics of cranio-maxillofacial trauma （CMT） to determine the appropriate treatment. Methods Among 1 265 cases of ENT and/or maxillofacial injury, clinical data of 500 patients accompanied with brain injury were reviewed. Results In 1 256 cases, injuries located at or above the nasal-acoustic line in 388 cases（30.67% ） but under the plane in 112 （8.85%）. The incidence of brain injury was significantly associated with this plane（P 〈0.01 ）. In 500 CMT cases, the male to female ratio was 4.1 to 1, with the common ages ranging from 20 to 49. The leading cause of trauma was traffic accident （47.80%）. As for brain injury, there were 59.40% concussion, 11.80% brain contusion, and 6.20% intracranial hematoma. According to GCS scoring system, 88.40% belonged to mild injuries and according to GOS prognostic score, and 95.4% recovered well. Conclusion Male is prone to CMT than females, esp. for young adults. The main reason is traffic accident. The nasal-acoustic line is helpful for the diagnosis. With correct and effective treatment, the death toll will be minimal.

关 键 词：耳鼻喉 颌面部 创伤和损伤 颅脑损伤 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]