塔玛亚历山大藻对中国明对虾鳃组织的氧化胁迫和对Caspase基因(FcCasp)表达的影响  

Toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense induces oxidative stress and up-regulae Caspase gene(FcCasp) expression in gills of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis

作　　者：梁忠秀[1] 李健[1] 任海[1] 葛倩倩[1] 葛红星[1] 李吉涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2014年第1期153-160,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家虾产业技术体系项目(CARS-47);国家863计划项目(2012AA10A409);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103034);山东省自主创新专项(2013cx80202)

摘　　要：选择在中国分离得到的一株能产生麻痹性贝毒（ParalyticShellfishPoison，PSP）的赤潮甲藻塔玛亚历山大藻似lexandriumtamarense）ATHK株，研究其对中国明对虾（Fenneropenaeuschinensis）鳃组织氧化胁迫和Caspase基因fFcCasp）表达的影响。将中国明对虾分别暴露于200cells／mL和1000cells／mL塔玛亚历山大藻中，于胁迫后3、6、12、24、48、72和96h测定鳃的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量和FcCasp基因相对表达量，以不加藻的过滤海水作为对照。结果表明，在200 cells／mL塔玛亚历山大藻胁迫下，SOD活性、GST活性、MDA含量和FcCasp相对表达量均随取样时间推移表现出先上升后下降的趋势。而在1000cells／mL塔玛亚历山大藻胁迫下，SOD活性随时间增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势，在24-96h被显著抑制（P〈0．05），GST活性除3和48h外均被显著抑制（P〈0．05），MDA含量和FcCasp相对表达量均整体表现上升的趋势，呈现出一定的时间效应。相关性分析显示，塔玛亚历山大藻胁迫下，中国明对虾鳃的MDA含量和FcCasp相对表达量呈正相关（P〈0．05）。实验结果表明，塔玛亚历山大藻可破坏中国明对虾氧化一抗氧化系统的平衡，引发对虾鳃组织的脂质过氧化（LPO），造成其氧化损伤，从而导致FcCasp表达的上调。本实验结果为将SOD活性、GST活性和MDA含量作为生物标志物，用于评价塔玛亚历山大藻胁迫提供了依据，同时也为研究塔玛亚历山大藻对中国明对虾的危害机制提供了参考。Toxic microalgae outbreaks have caused significant economic losses in the Chinese aquaculture industry, including the aquaculture of shrimp. Blooms that involve phycotoxins, especially paralytic shellfish poison（PSP）, are dangerous, harm the shrimps and cause losses in marine production. Previous studies mainly focused on the toxic ef- fects on shellfish and fish, rather than shrimp. This study investigated the inductive effect of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense（ATHK）, a producer of PSP, on oxidative stress and the expression of a caspase gene （FcCasp） in the gills of the Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, an important mariculture species in China. E chinensis individuals were exposed to 200 and 1 000 cells/mL ofA. tamarense, and F. chinensis individuals cultured with filtered seawater were set as control. Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, glutathione S-transferase （GST） activity, malonyldialdehyde （MDA） content and FcCasp expression in the gills were analyzed at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after exposure. The results showed that SOD activity, GST activity, MDA content and FcCasp expression exposed to 200 cells/mL of A. tamarense generally increased at first and then decreased with increasing exposure time. However, when exposed to 1000 cells/mL of A. tamarense, SOD activity increased and then decreased with increasing exposure time, and was significantly（P〈0.05） inhibited between 24 and 96 h. GST activity was significantly（P〈0.05） inhibited, except at 3- and 48 h-post treatment. The changes in SOD and GST activities of F. chinensis in this study suggest that these enzymes were actively involved in the detoxiflcation process in gills of F. chinensis. The MDA content and FcCasp expression of E chinensis exposed to 1 000 cells/mL of A. tamarense increased with increased exposure time, and displayed a time-dependent response relationship. The FcCasp transcript level in the gills ofF. chinensis exposed to A. tamarense was positively and linearly correlate

关 键 词：中国明对虾 塔玛亚历山大藻 有毒赤潮甲藻 氧化胁迫 FcCasp 基因表达 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]