华南沿岸海域近江牡蛎体中氯丹含量及其时空分布  

Content of Chlordane in Oysters (Crassostrea rivularis) in Coastal Waters of South China and Its Spatio-Temporal Distribution

作　　者：甘居利[1] 柯常亮[1] 陈洁文[1] 李刘冬[1] 王增焕[1] 贾晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业部渔业环境及水产品质量监督检验测试中心,广东广州510300

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2014年第1期124-128,共5页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J021);广东省科技计划项目(2009B030600001)

摘　　要：为探讨在陆域使用的氯丹对沿岸海域的污染状况,以近江牡蛎（Crassostrea rivularis）作为指示生物,用石英毛细管柱-气相色谱-微电子捕获检测器测定了其软组织中氯丹含量.结果表明,2008-2012年在华南沿岸海域采集的115份牡蛎（以湿质量计）样本中有17份检出氯丹,其含量为2.1～9.3 μg· kg-1,明显低于加拿大食品安全限量和我国畜肉中安全限量,远低于欧盟、澳大利亚和日本的食品安全限量.牡蛎样本中氯丹平均含量为0.69μg·kg-1,与亚太地区沿海双壳贝类相比处于较低水平.牡蛎样本中氯丹含量的站位间差别较大,区域平均值（μg·kg-1）由高到低依次为粤西（1.17）＞粤东（0.77）＞海南岛（0.63）＞珠江口（0.41）＞广西（未检出）,年平均值（μg·kg-1）在2008年明显较高（1.61）,2009-2012年从0.71逐渐下降至0.26.牡蛎中氯丹含量时空变化表明,牡蛎栖息环境中氯丹污染物的来源不完全固定,污染强度不稳定.牡蛎样本中反式氯丹/顺式氯丹比值为0～1.58,平均比值为0.58,有别于工业品氯丹（比值为1.26）,说明牡蛎体中氯丹已发生异构体转化或生物降解.During 2008-2012, ostrea oysters （Crassostrea rivularis） were collected in coastal waters of South China as bio-indieator of chlordane pollution of waters of the coast. Chlordane is a kind of pesticide commonly used in recent years. Contents of chlordane in soft tissues of oyster were determined by using the technology of quartz capillary column-gas chro- matography-microeleetron capture detector. Results show that chlordane was detected in 17 samples out of a total of 115, collected from all the 23 stations. The contents of chlordane were ranging from 2. 1 to 9. 3μg · kg-l （ wet weight）, obvious- ly lower than the residual limit for food safety in Canada and China, and much lower than that in European Union, Austral- ia and Japan. The average chlordane content of the samples was 0. 69μg · kg-1 w. w. in this study, relatively lower than that of the other bivalves in the waters of the Asian-Pacific coasts. Chlordane content in the oyster samples varied sharply with the location they were collected from, displaying an order of West Guangdong （1.17） 〉 East Guangdong （0. 77） 〉 Hainan （0. 63） 〉 the Pearl River Estuary （0. 41） 〉 Guangxi （not detected）. The annual mean was obviously high in 2008 reaching 1.61 μg ·kg-1 w. w. and gradually declined down to 0. 26μg · kg-l w. w. in 2012. The spatio-temporal variation of chlordane contents in oysters indicates that the sources of the chlordane in the habitats of the oysters are not completely fixed and not stable in intensity either. In the oyster samples, the ratio of trans-ehlordane to eis-chlordane in content in the oysters was in the range from 0 to 1.58 with a mean of 0. 58, which differs from that in industrial chlordane （ the ratio was 1.26）, indicating that the chlordane in oysters had already undergone isomer conversion or bio-degradation.

关 键 词：华南沿海 牡蛎 氯丹 时空变化 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]