春季南支槽变化特征及其与降水和大气环流的关系  

Variation of Springtime Southern Branch Trough and Its Relationship with Precipitation and Atmospheric Circulation

作　　者：张永莉[1] 范广洲[1] 周定文[1] 向卫国[1] 谢清霞 王霄 赖欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程学院大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,成都610225 [2]贵州省气象局,贵阳550002 [3]河南省气象服务中心,郑州450003

出　　处：《高原气象》2014年第1期97-105,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41275079);国家青年科学基金项目(41305077);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC51B03);公益性行业(气象)专项项目(GYHY201006023);成都信息工程学院校选项目(CRF201306)

摘　　要：利用NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料,结合国家气象信息中心提供的1961-2007年4月中国596个测站月降水量资料,采用小波分析、相关分析和合成分析等方法,定义了春季南支槽强度指数和东、西位置指数,讨论了近60年两个指数的变化特征及其与中国同期降水和大气环流的关系。结果表明,春季南支槽总体呈强度减弱、位置逐渐西移的趋势。春季南支槽强度指数值越小(大),则南支槽越强(弱);春季南支槽位置指数值越大(小),则南支槽位置越偏东(西),出现长江中游及其以南部分地区降水越多(少),而西南的部分地区降水越少(多)的现象。另外,对两个指数与大气环流的关系分析表明,强度指数和位置指数与环流的关系比较显著,能够合理地给出中国降水差异的原因。The intensity index and east/west position index of Springtime Southern Branch Trough （SSBT） were defined and the pertinence between two indices were analyzed mad the corresponding precipitation and atmospher- ic circulation in China, whose variation features in last 60 years were discussed as well, using the monthly aver- age of the reanalyzed data from NCEP/NCAR, combined with ：monthly precipitation data at 596 observation sta- tions provided by NMIC, and employing the methods such as wavelet analysis, correlation analysis, etc. The re- suits of the analysis indicate that the SSBT weakens by intensity and moves westward in general. And the smaller （bigger） the intensity index of SSBT is, the stronger （weaker） the SSBT is, while the bigger （smaller） the po- sition index is, the easter （wester） the SSBT leans, and the precipitation of the middle parts of the Yangtze Riv- er and its southern areas increases （ decreases）, while it apparently drops （rises） in southwestern parts of China. Besides, the relationship between intensity/position indices and circulation is also found to be very significant by analyzing their relevance, which explains the reason for the precipitation difference in China.

关 键 词：春季南支槽 强度指数 位置指数 降水 大气环流 

分 类 号：P465[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]