平台战略研究评述及展望  

A Literature Review on Platform Strategy

作　　者：张小宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《经济管理》2014年第3期190-199,共10页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家软科学重大项目"产业技术创新生态体系研究"(2012GXS1B001);国家自然科学基金重大项目"复杂变化环境下企业组织管理整体系统及其学习变革研究"(71121001/G0204)

摘　　要：平台正在成为一种普遍的市场或行业组织形式,其功能是不同用户群体创造和交换价值的界面。目前,平台战略研究主要还是基于经济学的概念和分析方法。本文通过对近期平台战略研究文献的综述,在战略管理领域引入平台战略的研究视角,以更好地理解平台型企业的成长和竞争战略。本文首先综述了平台战略的定义和与之相关的性质特征,平台进入和构建战略以及平台包围战略,并重点介绍了平台创新战略和平台创新生态系统。本文认为,在未来的研究中,采用战略管理的相关理论理解平台市场和与之相关的企业成长和竞争,将有助于拓展平台战略研究的理论基础。Many markets in today＇s economy are organized around platforms ,which function as an interface be- tween different groups of users and facilitate value-creation exchanges. The emergence of industry platforms is a no- vel phenomenon impacting most industries today, from products to services. Industry platforms are building blocks that act as a foundation upon which an array of firms, sometimes called a business ecosystem, can develop comple- mentary products, technologies, or services. These platform-based markets are often viewed as two-sided, because platform providers must get both consumers and developers of complementary applications on board in order to suc- ceed. Firstly, the paper presents the definition and typology of platforms, which identifies the distinct contexts in which different types of platforms appear and summarizes their principal characteristics depending on the context in which they occur. The platforms are designed and used in three main settings, which is internal firms, across supply-chains, as well as industry platforms. So the term ＇ platform＇ is used in three different settings ： product platform, industry plat- form and multi-sided market/platform. The product platform can be defined as projects that create a new generation or family of products for a firm, or a set of common subsystems （ components, modules, or parts） and interfaces from which a stream of derivative products can be efficiently created and launched. Industry Platform are products, serv- ices or technologies that are developed by one or several firms, and that serve as foundations upon which other firms can build complementary products, services or technologies. The platform provider may he a specialist component firm （Wintel） as well as a system integrator （Apple）. Multi-sided platform can be defined as product,firm or insti- tution that mediates transactions across multi-sided markets under network externalities. The literature on platform competition emphasizes the role of network effects, which

关 键 词：平台战略 创新生态 平台进入战略 平台包围战略 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]