纤维素类草本能源植物的研究现状  

Research and prospect of cellulosic herbaceous energy plant

作　　者：谭芙蓉[1] 吴波[1] 代立春[1] 祝其丽[1] 王文国[1] 汤晓玉[1] 潘科[1] 秦晗[1] 胡启春[1,2] 何明雄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部沼气科学研究所生物质能技术研究中心,成都610041 [2]农业部农村可再生能源开发与利用重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第1期162-168,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2009NZ00045)资助~~

摘　　要：纤维素类草本能源植物具有很高的生物质产量、纤维素和半纤维素含量,对环境友好,是目前最有发展前途的生物质资源之一,欧洲和美国将其作为首选的生物质能源植物.本文介绍了柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)、芒草(Miscanthus spp.)、芦竹(Arundo donax Linn)等几种主要纤维素类草本能源植物具有产量高、适应性强、用途广泛等特点;综述了纤维素类草本能源植物在国内外的研究概况,以及基因工程技术在降低植物木质素含量及在植物中过表达纤维素降解酶类方面的应用;进一步指出在我国存在纤维素类草本能源植物资源评估、选育滞后,相关技术还不完善等问题,进行充分开发利用将在缓解能源紧张、解决环境问题、促进农业和经济发展等方面有着良好的前景.Cellulosic herbaceous energy plant, which has high biomass yield, cellulose and hemicellulose contenL is one of the most promising biomass resources positively influencing the environment. It has been used as a preferred biomass energy plant in Europe and the United States. This paper introduces the characteristics of high yield, well-adapted and wide application of some main herbaceous energy plants, such as switchgrass, miscanthus and bamboo reed. It also summarizes the research status of cellulosic herbaceous energy plant and application of genetic engineering technology on decreasing lignin content and overexpression cellulase in plants. This article further presents the problems, such as resource evaluation, lagging of breeding and imperfect technology, and prospects of developing celluslosic herbaceous energy plant in China. If the abundant resource of herbaceous energy plant of our country could be efficiently utilized, it can not only alleviate nergy crisis, but also make full use of the barren land, change planting structure, increase farmers＇ income, and in the long run promote the national economy.

关 键 词：纤维素 草本能源植物 遗传改良 基因工程 燃料乙醇 

分 类 号：S578[农业科学—作物学]