废汽油发动机油的综合分析及讨论  

Comprehensive Analysis and Discussion on Used Gasoline Engine Oil

作　　者：刘建芳[1,2] 顾卡丽[2] 段海涛[2] 金永亮[2] 向亚玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学,湖北武汉430023 [2]武汉材料保护研究所,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《润滑油》2014年第1期53-59,共7页Lubricating Oil

基　　金：国家科技部973计划项目(项目编号2013CB632303);湖北省教育厅青年计划项目(项目编号Q20131707)

摘　　要：随机收集了不同规格和型号的废汽油机油,进行了综合分析,包括总酸值、总碱值、运动黏度、颗粒污染度、元素分析、氧化情况(红外光谱法)以及摩擦学性能,并与相对应的新发动机油进行对照,以了解油品质量的氧化变质和污染情况。试验结果表明:一部分废发动机油只是发生了轻度氧化或污染,还具有一定寿命,存在过度更换的情况;混合废油与分类收集废油相比,存在较严重的外部污染,在抗磨性能方面存在明显的差距,这与废油混合收集和储存过程中的不规范操作有关。从资源节约方面考虑,发动机油的更换应该以科学的检测数据为依据,而废机油的收集应考虑到后续的再生处理过程,更科学、更规范地进行分类收集和储存。Different specifications and types of used gasoline engine oils collected at random were analyzed comprehensive- ly by measuring their total acid value, total base number, kinematic viscosity, particle pollution, element analysis, oxidation （by infrared spectroscopy）, and tribological properties. And the results were compared with those of the corresponding new engine oils to find out the oxidation and pollution of the oil samples. It showed that a portion of the used engine oils is mildly oxidized and polluted, and can also be used. For some used oils, the replacement is too frequent to create waste. Compared to the used oil obtained by classification method, the mixed used oil has more serious external contamination and worse anti -wear performance due to the non -formal collection and storage. From the resource saving, the replacement of the used engine oil should be based on scientific testing data and the subsequent regeneration process should be taken in- to account when the used oil is collected. More scientific and standardized classification collection and storage should be chosen.

关 键 词：汽油机油 综合分析 氧化变质 过度更换 资源节约 

分 类 号：TE626.32[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]