红假单胞菌PSB07-26对白菜和土壤中毒死蜱的生物降解  

Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos residue in Chinese cabbage and the soil by Rhodopseudomonas sp.PSB 07-26

作　　者：李兴华[1,2] 罗香文 张德咏[1,2] 张松柏 刘勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]园艺作物病虫害治理湖南省重点实验室,湖南省植物保护研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第1期219-221,共3页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-25-B-05)

摘　　要：毒死蜱是生产中广泛使用的一类有机磷类杀虫剂。应用光合细菌红假单胞菌PSB 07-26(Rhodopseudomonas sp.)对大白菜和土壤中毒死蜱残留的生物修复进行了研究。室内模拟试验结果表明,培养28 d,PSB 07-26对土壤中添加5 mg/kg、10 mg/kg、15 mg/kg毒死蜱的降解率分别为25.44%、44.57%和44.08%。田间试验结果表明:随着PSB 07-26含量的增加,其对大白菜和土壤中毒死蜱的降解率升高;施用PSB 07-26菌剂6 750 mL/hm2,3 d后对大白菜中毒死蜱的降解率为20.97%,9 d后对菜田土壤中毒死蜱的降解率为39.14%。This paper is to present our study results on the bioremedi- ating effect of chlorpyrifos for Chinese cabbage and the soil by a kind of bacteria named Rhodopseudomonas sp. PSB 07 - 26. In this pa- per, we have also studied the bioremediation effect of chlorpyrifos in Chinese cabbage in the lab simulation and field conditions for actual potential application of photosynthetic bacteria on its potential biore- mediation. The results of our simulated tests show that the strain PSB 07- 26 has great effect on degrading chlorpyfifos, whose degrading rate for 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg of ehlorpyrifos in the soil can be made to reach as high as up to 25.44%, 44.57% and 44.08%, respectively, in 28 d. The results of our field tests also show that the rate of chlorpyrifos degradation effect tends to increase with the in- crease of the dosage of PSB 07 - 26 in a given range （2 250 - 6 750 ml/hm2）. The PSB 07 - 26 dosage used with 6 750 mL/hm2, 20.97 % of chlorpyrifos in Chinese cabbage should have been degrad- ed in 3 d, whereas 39.14 % of chlorpyrifos in the soil should have been degraded in 9 d. The potential degradation effect of the bacteria strain PSB 07 -26 in the lab stimulated condition proves to be higher than that in field condition. Thus, it can be seen that this study will be helpful for the application of photosynthetic bacteria for the organophosphorus pesticide residue bioremediation. It can also serve as a scientific support for the application potential evaluation of other bioremediation organisms.

关 键 词：环境工程学 红假单胞菌PSB 07—26 毒死蜱 生物修复 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]