接种量和发酵温度对牛粪厌氧发酵的影响  

Effect of Inoculation Dosage and Fermentation Temperature on Cow Manure Anaerobic Fermentation

作　　者：楚莉莉[1] 田孝鑫 杨改河[3] 

机构地区：[1]新乡学院生命科学与技术系,河南新乡453000 [2]新乡学院化学与化工学院,河南新乡453000 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第2期147-150,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12B180029);新乡学院博士启动项目(1399020172)

摘　　要：以牛粪为发酵原料、沼液为接种物，研究牛粪在不同接种量（接种物干物质量为牛粪干物质量的15％、30％、45％、60％、75％）和不同发酵温度（25、30、35、40℃）下的厌氧发酵情况，并采用响应曲面法进行优化，以期找出最佳的牛粪厌氧发酵条件。结果表明，各接种量处理的产气速率均随着发酵温度的升高先增加后降低，35℃时达到最大值；各接种量处理的产气速率峰值在不同发酵温度下出现的时间不同，在25、30℃下主要集中在第8天左右出现；在35、40℃下出现的时间比较分散，35℃下在第5～13天出现，40℃下在第8～18天出现。在所有发酵温度下，累计产气量均随着接种量的增加先增加后减小，35℃下以接种量30％处理最高，其余温度下均以接种量40％处理最高。在所有接种量下，累计产气量均随着发酵温度的升高先增加后降低，在35口C时最大，与其他温度相比平均增幅为107．0％、29．7％、16．5％。当发酵温度为35℃、接种物干物质量为牛粪干物质量的45％时，可获得最大累计产气量，为259．50mL／g。In order to optimize the process of cow manure anaerobic fermentation,the cow manure anaerobic fermentation was investigated with biogas slurry as inoculum under different fermentation temperatures（25 ℃ ,30 ℃ ,35 ;C and 40 ℃）and inoculation dosage（ the dry matter weight of biogas slurry was 15%,30%,45%,60% and 75% of the dry matter weight of cow manure）. The results showed that the biogas production rate first increased and then decreased with the increase of fermentation temperature, and reached the peak under 35 ℃ ;the biogas production rate peak occurred at different time under different fermentation temperatures,the peaks mainly occurred on the 8th day under 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ ,the peaks occurred more dispersed under 35 ℃ and 40℃. The total biogas yield first increased and then decreased with the increase of inoculation dosage, the total biogas yield with inoculation dosage of 30% was highest under 35 ;C ,and the total biogas yield with inoculation dosage of 40% was highest under the other temperatures. The total biogas yield first increased and then decreased with the increase of fermentation temperature,the total biogas yield was 107. 0%,29.7%, 16.5% higher under 35 ℃ than that under other temperatures. When the fermentation temperature was 35 ℃ and the inoculation dosage was 45% ,the biogas yield reached 259.50 mL/g.

关 键 词：牛粪 沼液 接种量 厌氧发酵 发酵温度 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X705[农业科学—农业工程]