车辆非稳态轮胎路面三向作用力差异特性分析  

Analysis of Unsteady Three Direction Tire-road Force Difference Characteristics

作　　者：许洪国[1] 马彬[1] 曾诚[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学交通学院,吉林长春130022 [2]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2014年第2期112-119,共8页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51078167);运输车辆运行安全技术交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目(20111220)

摘　　要：为从力学角度解析轮胎印迹显隐特性,基于路面分形理论和粗糙路面接触机理,引入结合路面分形和橡胶特性的滑动摩擦因数改进模型,提出了考虑轮胎动摩擦特性的9自由度非稳态车辆模型,分析了车辆非稳态工况下,轮胎和路面对非稳态轮胎作用力差异特性的影响。建立了车载稳定性检测系统并进行实车试验,验证了车辆模型的有效性,应用MATLAB在固定转向角和恒定制动条件下对模型进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明:轮胎和路面性质对轮胎纵向作用力差异特性影响相对较小,对轮胎横向作用力和垂向载荷的差异特性影响显著;轮胎横向作用力和垂向载荷差异特性是产生轮胎印迹显隐特性的一个主要原因。In order to analyze the explicit-implicit features of tire marks from mechanical prospect, based on road fractal theory and rough road contact mechanism, the sliding friction factor was introduced by the combination of the road fractal characteristics and rubber characteristics and a 9 degrees of freedom （DOF） non-steady-state vehicle model with the dynamic tire friction characteristics considered was improved to analyze the impact of the road surface and tire characteristics on difference characteristics of tire unsteady dynamic force under non-steady-state condition. The comparison with the test results of the stability system verified the model＇s effectiveness. The model was simulated with MATLAB under a fixed angle and constant braking conditions. The results show that the tire and road surface characteristics have more impact on the vertical load and lateral forces but less on the longitudinal force; the difference characteristics of vertical load and lateral force are one of the main reasons leading to the explicit and implicit characteristics.

关 键 词：汽车工程 轮胎 作用力分析 动摩擦特性 滑动摩擦 车辆模型 9自由度 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]