真空开关电弧开断过程的数值仿真方法研究进展  

Review of Numerical Simulation Methods for Arc Interruption Process of Vacuum Switch

作　　者：舒胜文[1] 黄道春[1] 阮江军[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《高压电器》2014年第2期131-138,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2009BAA19B05)~~

摘　　要：随着真空开关的广泛应用,对真空电弧的研究愈显重要。由于真空电弧等离子体并未处于局部热力学平衡态,且磁场和触头起关键作用,真空开关开断过程的数值仿真和SF6开关相比尚不成熟,但近年来随着真空电弧理论的不断完善和计算机计算能力的大幅提升而获得了迅速发展。笔者综述了磁流体动力学(MHD)模型、粒子模拟结合蒙特卡罗碰撞(PIC-MCC)方法、混合模型、阳极热模型和解析模型在真空开关电弧开断过程不同阶段数值仿真中的应用现状,并提出了电流零区、电极材料、极间等离子体不同区域相互作用、PIC-MCC加速、高压大容量和重燃机制等6个今后有待深入研究的方向。With the wide application of vacuum switches, it is necessary to pay more attention to the researches on vacuum arc. Vacuum arc plasma is not in local thermal equilibrium, and magnetic fields and contacts play key roles, consequently, numerical simulation of the interruption process of vacuum switches is still immature in contrast to SF6 switches. Fortunately, the numerical simulation of the arc interruption process has been developed rapidly in recent years with the vacuum arc theory unceasingly getting to perfect and the computing power of computer substantially increasing. In this paper, the applications of the magneto-hydrodynamic （MILD） model, the particle in cell-Monte Carlo collisions（PIC- MCC） method, the hybrid model, the anode thermal model and the analytical model to the numerical simulation of different periods in the arc interruption process of vacuum switch are summarized. Furthermore, six further research fields, including current zero region, electrode materials, interactions of different zones in inter-electrode plasma, acceleration of PIC-MCC, high voltage and large capacity, and re-ignition mechanism, are suggested.

关 键 词：真空开关 真空电弧 开断过程 数值仿真 磁流体动力学模型 粒子模拟 混合模型 

分 类 号：TM564[电气工程—电器]