少数民族和汉族儿童健康相关行为的比较研究  

Health- related Behaviors in Children in Han and Minority Populations in China

作　　者：孙钰[1] 曹乾[1] 章蓉[1] 陈露[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏省南京市210009

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2014年第1期64-66,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解少数民族和汉族儿童健康相关行为,为提升儿童健康以及开展儿童健康教育提供依据。方法整合中国健康和营养调查(CHNS)2009年问卷调查数据,统计汉族儿童(762人)和少数民族儿童(105人)的健康相关行为(社会家庭变量、饮食生活习惯)报告率以及少数民族儿童和汉族儿童健康指标评分,并进行比较分析。结果少数民族和汉族儿童在社会家庭变量方面(父亲在家、父亲受教育程度、母亲在家、母亲受教育程度、医疗保险)、饮食生活习惯方面(吸烟、饮酒、喜欢软饮料、喜欢蔬菜、喜欢水果、喜欢看电视、喜欢玩游戏、喜欢上网、喜欢运动)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。少数民族和汉族儿童体质量别年龄Z评分(WAZ)、身高别体质量Z评分(WHZ)、年龄别体质指数Z评分(BAZ)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论危险健康相关行为影响了少数民族儿童的健康,应重点加强少数民族儿童健康意识教育,通过社会和家庭共同促进和培养儿童良好的行为习惯。Objective To comparatively study health - related behaviors in children in Han and ethnic minority populations in China, aiming at laying foundations for the development of childhood health education programs to improve children＇ s health across the country. Methods Data on health - related behaviors of 762 Han children and 105 non - Han minority children were extracted from the database of 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS） . Differences in majorsocial and family, dietaryand life styles variables between the two ethnic groups were analyzed. Results Han children and non - Han minority kids were significantly different in the analyzed social and family variables （father＇ s presence at home per day, father＇ s education level, hours of mother＇ s presence at home per day, mother＇ s education level, medical insurance）, diet habits （soft drink consumption, vegetable consumption, fruit consumption）, lifestyle （smoking, drinking, TV addiction, game addiction, internet/computer addiction, sports playing or watching） （P 〈0. 05） . Moreover, the weight - for - age Z score （WAZ） , weightfor - height Z score （WHZ） , body mass index - for - age Z score （BAZ） were all significantly different between the two ethnic groups of children （P 〈 o. 05） . Conclusion Minority children in China are associated with a more significant problem of＂ risk＂ behaviors that negatively impact their health. It is strongly advocated that the government, society and families should work together to increase the awareness of health an foster healthy lifestyles in minority children through early education.

关 键 词：少数民族 汉族 儿童 健康相关行为 

分 类 号：R-055[医药卫生]